A Randomized, Prospective, Split-Face Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of 532-nm and 1,064-nm Picosecond-Domain Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Lasers Using a Diffractive Optical Element for Non-Ablative Skin Rejuvenation: Clinical and Histological Evaluation

Abstract

Background The advent of fractionated picosecond (ps) lasers has provided an opportunity to explore new ways of creating microinjuries in the skin to induce skin rejuvenation. Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of diffractive optical element (DOE)-assisted ps neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers with 532-nm and 1,064-nm wavelengths (532-nm and 1,064-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE) using a novel fractional handpiece for the treatment of photoaged skin. Methods An ex vivo guinea pig skin experiment was performed by evaluating the histology of the skin after 532-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE irradiation. A randomized, prospective, split-face study was performed on eight subjects with 532-nm and 1,064-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE. Results Based on the histological evaluation using ex vivo guinea pig skin, a reasonable safety profile and the potential to generate effective skin rejuvenation was observed using the 532-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE. Results demonstrated that both 532- and 1,064-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE were similarly effective in improving skin texture and skin pores; however, 532-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE was more effective in treating dyspigmentation. Conclusion At a preliminary level, this study revealed that 532-nm and 1,064-nm ps Nd:YAG lasers using DOE fractional technology may improve photoaged skin. In conclusion, 532-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE may be especially beneficial for skin with epidermal pigmentary lesions.

Review of Fractional Nonablative Lasers for the Treatment of Dermatologic Conditions in Darker Skin Phototypes

“…Han and colleagues 47 conducted a study comparing 2 different laser wavelengths, the 532-nm and 1,064-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE, for skin rejuvenation. Their findings demonstrated that the 532-nm Nd:YAG P-DOE was more effective in improving dyspigmentation, although no significant differences were observed for other evaluated aspects.…”

Skin aging from mechanisms to interventions: focusing on dermal aging

“…In contrast, fractional picosecond lasers produce nonthermal, photomechanical stress in the dermis and promote fibroblast proliferation (Tanghetti, 2016;K et al, 2021). Recent ex vivo animal and clinical studies also support that 532-nm and 1,064-nm picosecond Nd:YAG lasers may improve photoaged skin (Yim et al, 2020;Connor et al, 2021;Han et al, 2023). In addition, various lasers including low fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers, Q-switched ruby lasers, and Q-switched alexandrite lasers are effective for treating aging-related pigmentation through selective photothermolysis of melanosomes (Anderson and Parrish, 1983;Sadighha et al, 2008;Vachiramon et al, 2016).…”