A randomized trial of in vitro fertilization versus conventional treatment for infertility

Male factor infertility and ART

“…When early IVF is compared to conventional treatment, chances of pregnancy achievement may not be improved, and total costs may be higher. 4,25,26 It is reasonable, therefore, to escalate treatment to IVF, when no conception has occurred after 3-4 IUI cycles in couples with moderate male factor subfertility with at least one million motile sperm after semen preparation. A larger question arises, however, 'For male factor infertility, is there still a role for IVF in the era of ICSI?…”

Endometriosis and infertility

“…In one small RCT, 21 women with endometriosis and infertility were randomized to receive either IVF (n ϭ 15) or expectant management (n ϭ 6) (33). None of the women in the expectant management group became pregnant compared to five of the 15 women who received IVF-ET (33%, PϭNS) (33).…”

Vaginal micronized progesterone versus intramuscular progesterone for luteal support in women undergoing in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer

“…Women undergoing IVF-ET treatment almost always receive controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) medications (exogenous injectable gonadotropins) to stimulate the formation of multiple mature ovarian follicles to retrieve several oocytes (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). With COH and the formation of several mature ovarian follicles, E 2 levels are expected to rise to supraphysiological values particularly during the follicular phase.…”

“…In many patients, high E 2 levels may result in a premature endogenous LH surge and premature release of the oocytes unless such endogenous LH surge is prevented. Prevention of premature endogenous LH surge is usually achieved by adding GnRH analogs (GnRH agonist or GnRH antagonist) to the COH protocol (1)(2)(3).…”