A rapid and nondestructive approach for forensic identification of car bumper splinters using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics

Wei, Chenjie; Wang, Jifen

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14606

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As could be seen from Table 6, when classification was carried out under MLP model or RBF model, the classification accuracy of original data, data after FDA processing, and data after PCA dimensionality reduction all increase in turn. The reason may be that redundant information in these three kinds of data decreases in turn, thus increasing the classification accuracy [38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of indole and indazole amides synthetic cannabinoids by differential Raman spectroscopy based on ANN

Liu

Jiang

2022

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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A simple, rapid, accurate, and non‐destructive method was developed for the determination of cannabinoids, combining principal component analysis and multi‐layer perceptron neural network to classify indole and indazole amide synthetic cannabinoids. Under the experimental conditions of this study, 25 experimental samples were successfully classified into two categories as the final classification, which guaranteed 96% correct rate. First, the samples were manually classified and divided into two categories according to the difference in peak position and peak intensity of the differential Raman characteristic peaks at 650–540 cm−1, etc. Fisher's discriminant method (FDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the experimental data. Fisher's discriminant analysis was used to formulate two classification functions to discriminate the results of manual classification, and the overall accuracy rate of classification reached 88%. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data, which could reduce the influence of redundant data on the experimental results. The original data, FDA‐processed data and PCA‐processed data, and artificial neural network algorithm (ANN‐MLP/RBF) were combined to build a classification model. In the MLP model, the classification accuracy of the original data, FDA‐processed data, and PCA‐processed data was 80%, 92%, and 96% respectively, and the overall accuracy of the sample classification was 89.33%. In the RBF model, the accuracy of sample classification was 76%, 84%, and 92% respectively, and the overall accuracy of sample classification was 84%. Differential Raman spectroscopy could be used to distinguish 25 kinds of synthetic cannabinoids, and finally, the samples were divided into two categories. The PCA + MLP model was the best for processing spectral data. Based on the perspective of multivariate data, this study demonstrated that the method could be used for rapid and non‐destructive testing of indole and indazole amide synthetic cannabinoids and that an efficient and non‐destructive classification model was obtained. This method could be used for rapid detection and inspection of drugs in the field of forensic science.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of indole and indazole amides synthetic cannabinoids by differential Raman spectroscopy based on ANN

Liu

Jiang

2022

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…This is not the standard a good cyclist should have. 8 Elite cyclists should be at the fifth level. After eight weeks of stretching, the athlete's seated forward bend test improved to 23.68 and 25.36, respectively.…”

Section: Influence Of Stretching Exercise On Biochemical Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Stretching on Training Cyclists

Dai¹,

Luo

2023

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction Scientific and rational post-competition training can help athletes mobilize their competitive state. Stretching is an integral part of the physical recovery program after a cycling event, increasing muscle extensibility, decreasing muscle soreness, and the likelihood of injury. Objective This study aims to analyze the effect of stretching training on cyclists. Methods This paper selects 20 cyclists who perform stretching training after the competition. The athletes’ fatigue recovery after stretching training and the probability of sports injuries after stretching exercise are statistically analyzed. Results The athletes demonstrated poor physical flexibility before stretching. In the forward bending test, the athletes demonstrated scores of 15.31 and 17.89, respectively. After stretching training, the athletes improved to 23.68 and 25.36 in the seated forward flexion test. The data collected were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Stretching exercises can effectively improve the competitive ability of cyclists. It is recommended that athletes devote about 10 to 15 minutes of relaxation and stretching exercises after cycling. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

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“…In 2020, Wei et al used chemometric analysis to classify car bumper splinters from hit and runs using ATR-FTIR [ 49 ]. Fisher discriminant analysis ( ) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to classify 156 car bumper samples from 10 different brands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%