A rapid effect of handling on counts of white blood cells in a wintering passerine bird: a more practical measure of stress?

Cīrule, Dina; Krama, Tatjana; Vrublevska, Jolanta; Rantala, Markus J.; Krams, Indriķis

doi:10.1007/s10336-011-0719-9

Cited by 98 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Corticosterone is the main adrenocortical hormone present in the peripheral blood. Elevated blood corticosterone levels and heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratios are well-known physiological indicators of welfare (Rogers et al, 2015;Alm et al, 2016), and are used as a stress indicators in poultry (Delezie et al, 2007;Cirule et al, 2012). Corticosteroids contribute for the reestablishment of homeostasis via negative feedback mechanisms that act on the hypothalamus and/or pituitary structures, decreasing HPA axis activation (Canoine et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic Variation: Effects on Stress Levels, Feed Intake, and Bodyweight of Broilers

Osti

Bhattarai

Zhou

2017

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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Chickens tolerate a very narrow range of climatic variation, and therefore, it is essential to determine the most suitable climatic area and weather for broiler production in open-house systems. In this study, 3060 broilers were used as experimental birds to investigate the effects of seasonal differences and climatic variations on the growth performance of broilers reared in an open-house system. Birds were kept under various treatment models that differ in climate Tropic zone, sub tropic zone and temperate zones. Data were recorded during JulyAugust as summer months and January-February as winter months. Collected data was analyzed using the least square procedure given by Harvey-1990. Significantly higher (p<0.05) level of corticosteroids and H/L ratio of between the experimental birds was observed and consequent effect on feed intake was determined. The body weight and FCR at 42 day was significantly (p≤0.05) higher during winter season in subtropical zone. Subtropical climatic zone was found significantly better than other climatic zone. Efficient management of broiler farming that corresponds for effective feed intake during heat/cold stress to maximize bird's efficiency can significantly increase production efficiency and acquiesce highest profit to broiler farming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic Variation: Effects on Stress Levels, Feed Intake, and Bodyweight of Broilers

Osti

Bhattarai

Zhou

2017

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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“…The handling time of sampled birds (including transport from walk-in traps) was less than 1 h and in most cases less than 45 min. Although it has been reported that avian heterophil or lymphocyte counts can occasionally change within 60 min of capture (Cīrule et al 2012), studies on shorebirds (Buehler et al 2008;D'Amico et al 2017) and some passerines (Davis 2005) indicated that H/L ratio is relatively stable within the first hour after capture. Consequently, we assumed that the measurements of shorebird leukocyte profiles were unlikely to be affected by handling stress under our sampling protocol.…”

Section: Leukocyte Profilesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Leukocyte profiles indicate nutritional, but not moulting stress in a migratory shorebird, the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago)

et al. 2017

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The relative ratio of the two main leukocyte types, heterophils (H) and lymphocytes (L), is known to change proportionally to the concentrations of stress hormones in the circulating blood. Thus, analysis of leukocyte profiles serves as a reliable proxy of stress in vertebrates, as high H/L ratios indicate stronger stress response. Moult and migration are among the most energetically demanding and nutritionally stressful processes in the annual cycle of wild birds. Although most birds separate these two activities in time, a moult-migration overlap has been reported for several avian species. The aim of this study was to examine whether overlapping energy requirements of moult and migration produce an increased organismal stress in a shorebird species, the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago). For this purpose, we assessed leukocyte profiles and nutritional condition in more than 350 moulting and non-moulting snipe during autumn migration through central Europe. We found negative correlations between H/L ratios and different measures of condition, including size-corrected body mass, fat load, and plasma concentrations of triglycerides and total protein. However, no evidence was found for the effect of moult status on H/L ratios. Our study indicates that while migration in a poor nutritional state can be associated with elevated stress response, the process of feather replacement may not constitute a serious stress for migrating Common Snipe. We suggest that these results may help to explain the occurrence of moult-migration overlap in the Common Snipe and possibly in other avian species.

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“…Dicho volumen re presenta el 0.25% de la masa corporal del ave, considerando un promedio de masa de 11.98±0.68 g para la especie (datos de este estudio). Asimismo, el tiempo en que manipulamos al individuo capturado fue menor a los 30 min para evitar un incremento en los niveles de leucocitos (Cīrule et al 2012). En campo realizamos los frotis sanguíneos, los cuales dejamos secar a temperatura ambiente, para luego fijarlos con metanol al 100%; posteriormente, en el laboratorio los teñimos con el colorante Giemsa durante 55 min.…”

Section: Métodosunclassified

Prevalencia parasitaria en el gorrión altiplanero (Spizella wortheni): especie endémica de México y en peligro de extinción

Canales-del-Castillo

Pérez-Rangel

Ruvalcaba‐Ortega

et al. 2017

Huitzil Rev. Mex. Ornitol.

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ResumenEl gorrión altiplanero o de Worthen (Spizella wortheni) es endémico del altiplano mexicano y debido a su limitada distribución y tamaño poblacional es considerada una especie en peligro de extinción a nivel nacional e internacional. De manera general, las especies en peligro han estado expuestas, al menos históricamente, a una fuerte reducción en su tamaño poblacional y su diversidad genética, factores que en su conjunto aumentan el riesgo y susceptibilidad a infecciones. Por lo tanto, con el propósito de determinar dicha propensión en esta especie, analizamos la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales a partir de muestras fecales en 11 individuos, así como hemoparásitos, hematocrito y cuantificación diferencial de leucocitos a partir una muestra sanguínea. Los resultados mostraron que el 91% de los individuos presentaron por lo menos un taxón de parásitos intestinales, siendo el género Cryptosporidium (64%) el de mayor prevalencia, seguido por Eimeria (55%) y Ascaridia (9%). Sin embargo, los valores medios de oocistos/huevo por gramo de heces fecales indicaron una baja infección parasitaria. Además, no se observaron parásitos sanguíneos y el conteo de células blancas fue similar a lo previamente reportado para otras especies de la familia Emberizidae y Passerellidae.Palabras clave: Gorrión altiplanero, Spizella wortheni, peligro de extinción, parásitos fecales, hemoparásitos, conteo diferencial de leucocitos. AbstractThe Worthen's sparrow is an endemic bird of the Mexican Plateau that due to its limited distribution and population size is considered to be endangered, both nationally and globally. In general, species at risk have been, at least historically, under population size and genetic diversity reductions, which are factors that can act together to increase infections risk and susceptibility. Therefore, with the purpose to determine such propensity in this species, we analyzed the intestinal parasitic infection through fecal samples from 11 individuals, and hemoparasites, hematocrit and differential leukocyte quantification from one sample. Results indicated that 91% of the samples had one parasite taxon, with genus Cryptosporidium showing the highest prevalence (64%), followed by Eimeria (55%), and Ascaridia (9%). However, mean values of oocysts/eggs per gram indicated a low parasitic infection. We found no blood parasites, and the white blood cell counts were among reference values for other sparrow species.

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A rapid effect of handling on counts of white blood cells in a wintering passerine bird: a more practical measure of stress?

Cited by 98 publications

References 47 publications

Climatic Variation: Effects on Stress Levels, Feed Intake, and Bodyweight of Broilers

Climatic Variation: Effects on Stress Levels, Feed Intake, and Bodyweight of Broilers

Leukocyte profiles indicate nutritional, but not moulting stress in a migratory shorebird, the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago)

Prevalencia parasitaria en el gorrión altiplanero (Spizella wortheni): especie endémica de México y en peligro de extinción

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