A novel method based on miniature capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection was developed for the rapid determination of 1,2-diaminoethane and 1,6-diaminohexane, which are restricted compounds present in plastic. The use of online preconcentration significantly improved the limits of detection compared with conventional methods. Under the optimum conditions, the analytes were separated from other aliphatic diamines within 6 min with low limits of detection (1,2-diaminoethane: 0.01 ng/mL, and 1,6-diaminohexane: 0.1 ng/mL). The method was successfully applied to determine the analytes in bottled drinking water. The method does not require off-line preconcentration and derivatization steps, providing an alternative method for the rapid determination of diamines in drinking water.