A rapid literature review on the health-related outcomes of long-term person-centered care models in adults with chronic illness

Abstract

IntroductionThe strong association between age and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, makes it imperative to promote self-care throughout life. Systematic knowledge on the health findings of person-centered care models may contribute to designing effective healthcare strategies to promote empowerment for self-care in long-term care.ObjectiveTo assess the association between the implementation of person-centered care models that promote self-care training in long-term care and health-related outcomes, among adults with chronic illness.MethodsA rapid review of the literature was performed following the Cochrane rapid review methodology. The electronic databases CINAHL, MedicLatina, MEDLINE, and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection were searched for randomized experimental studies, published between 2017 and 2022, that implemented interventions based on person-centered models to promote self-care in adults aged ≥18 years with chronic diseases and needing long-term health care. Verification of the eligibility of the articles and the extraction of data were performed by two independent investigators. Quantitative data on the health-related variables assessed were collected and, through narrative synthesis, health outcomes were grouped into individual, institutional and societal levels.ResultsEight studies, mostly conducted in European countries, were included. All satisfied more than 60% of the methodological quality score. A large variability among studies was found regarding the number of participants, the data collection period and duration of the intervention, the samples selected and the care model implemented. A high number of health-related outcomes (n = 17) were analyzed in the studies, using 52 different instruments. The main health-related outcomes were multidimensional, with implications at the individual, institutional and societal levels. The promotion of overall health and wellbeing (n = 4), the implementation of patient-centered care models (n = 1), the positive and more frequent interactions with health professionals (2), the decrease on staff psychosocial distress (n = 1), and the absence of added costs (n = 1), while improving family caregivers’ skills (n = 1) were the main health-related outcomes described.ConclusionThere is a need to develop robust experimental studies focused on the views and experiences of all stakeholders and conducted in different countries and cultures. Short-, medium- and long-term health outcomes should be measured using internationally accepted and validated scales for chronic patients.

Person-Centred Care: A Support Strategy for Managing Non-Communicable Diseases

“…Our research found that person-centred care is positively associated with the better management of non-communicable diseases and that managing non-communicable diseases is positively related to quality of life, general health, and life satisfaction. Other studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] showing that person-centred care is an effective therapeutic intervention for different patient outcomes support our results. In their rapid literature review, Cano et al [ 22 ] discovered that implementing person-centred care models to foster self-care empowerment in long-term care resulted in multidimensional health-related outcomes with individual, institutional and societal implications.…”

“…Most studies about person-centred care now focus on hospitalised patients [ 19 , 20 , 39 ] and older adults in long-term settings [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 40 ]. Our research included individuals with at least one non-communicable disease, regardless of the living environment, and we found that physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environment, contact with loved ones, and physical activities were positively associated with individuals’ management of non-communicable disease.…”

“…This strategic approach customises care to address the specific non-communicable disease and the individual’s condition, offering comprehensive care that attends to their physical, psychological, spiritual, and social requirements [ 17 , 18 ]. There is a lot of evidence that person-centred care is an effective therapeutic intervention for different patient outcomes [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In their rapid literature review, Cano et al [ 22 ] discovered that implementing per-son-centred care models to foster self-care empowerment in long-term care resulted in multidimensional health-related outcomes.…”

“…There is a lot of evidence that person-centred care is an effective therapeutic intervention for different patient outcomes [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In their rapid literature review, Cano et al [ 22 ] discovered that implementing per-son-centred care models to foster self-care empowerment in long-term care resulted in multidimensional health-related outcomes. These outcomes have implications not only at the individual level but also at institutional and societal levels [ 22 ].…”

“…In their rapid literature review, Cano et al [ 22 ] discovered that implementing per-son-centred care models to foster self-care empowerment in long-term care resulted in multidimensional health-related outcomes. These outcomes have implications not only at the individual level but also at institutional and societal levels [ 22 ]. The development of self-awareness and the motivation for change can be fostered through personality assessments that acknowledge the intricate psychobiological makeup of human personality.…”