A rapid mapping technique for the prevalence and distribution of onchocerciasis: a Cameroon case study

Ngoumou, P.; Walsh, John F.; Macé, Jean-Marc

doi:10.1080/00034983.1994.11812893

Cited by 121 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…With REMO, surveys in a sample of only 2-5% of all communities are used to draw an epidemiological map of the whole area, also covering communities that have not been surveyed, and identify areas where mass treatment with ivermectin is indicated. REMO came very timely and has been used extensively to map the distribution of onchocerciasis in the APOC countries and target treatment to areas where the disease burden is high (Ngoumou et al 1994;Mace et al 1997;Gemade et al 1998;Noma et al 2002).…”

Section: Where To Treat -Distribution Of Onchocerciasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was a need for something more simple and rapid, for which it would not be necessary to visit and survey all communities. In response to this need, a method for rapid epidemiological mapping of onchocerciasis (REMO) was developed that takes into account specific spatio-epidemiological characteristics of onchocerciasis, especially its relation to the spatial dispersion of the vector around breeding sites in rivers (Ngoumou et al 1994). Villages are sampled from each river basin, starting with villages located close to river rapids where vector breeding sites are most likely to be found, and selecting villages at increasing distance from these sites and the river.…”

Section: Where To Treat -Distribution Of Onchocerciasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research for control: the onchocerciasis experience*

Remme

2004

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryOnchocerciasis control has been very successful in Africa and research has played a critical role. An overview of the main epidemiological and implementation research activities undertaken over the last 20 years in collaboration with the African onchocerciasis control programmes and of the impact this research had on control is given. The research included the development of epidemiological modelling and its application in programme evaluation and operational planning, research on disease patterns and disease burden in different bioclimatic zones to justify and guide control operations, community trials of ivermectin to determine its safety for large-scale use and its impact on transmission, rapid assessment methods to identify target communities for treatment and community-directed treatment for sustained drug delivery. Lessons learned during this unique collaboration between research and control are discussed.

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Section: Where To Treat -Distribution Of Onchocerciasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Where To Treat -Distribution Of Onchocerciasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Research for control: the onchocerciasis experience*

Remme

2004

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…Two-sided confidence intervals for the sensitivity and specificity values at 95% confidence level were calculated as described by Newcombe (1998). The prevalence of onchocerciasis in the study area (Balamba) was also estimated according to the Rapid Epidemiological Mapping of Onchocerciasis (REMO) approach (Ngoumou et al (1994)). …”

Section: Sensitivity and Specificity Of Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of an antigen detection dipstick assay for the diagnosis of human onchocerciasis

Ayong

Tume

Wembe

et al. 2005

Trop Med Int Health

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SummaryTo improve on the diagnosis of onchocerciasis, especially light infections, we developed and evaluated an oncho-dipstick test based on the detection of Onchocerca volvulus specific antigens in urine and tears. The test was able to detect as little as 25 ng/ml of parasite specific antigens in samples and took as little as 3 h. Evaluation of the assay on 456 residents of an onchocerciasis hyperendermic area in Cameroon resulted in 408 (89.5%) positives in urine and 374 (82%) positives in tears. The prevalence of onchocerciasis in the study area, as determined by Rapid Epidemiological Mapping of Onchocerciasis (REMO) and skin snip methods, was 52 and 36.8%, respectively. The sensitivity of the oncho-dipstick assay was 100% in urine and 92% in tears; its specificity was 100% in both. Concordance between urine and tear test results from the same individuals was 87%. The test strips were sufficiently reactive when left at room temperature for up to 8 months. The test would be useful for laboratory diagnosis of onchocerciasis in low transmission zones and to ascertain successful treatment of patients in experimental drug studies.

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“…Ces derniers étaient toujours de petite taille. On peut donc supposer que certains nodules sont si petits qu'ils échappent à l'examen, qu'une partie des nodules se trouve plus en profondeur dans les tissus ou (Ngoumou et al 1994) d'utiliser la recherche de nodules chez un échantillon de 30 à 50 hommes adultes pour évaluer rapidement l'endémicité de l'onchocercose dans une population à risque. Une zone serait classée comme étant hypoendémique si la prévalence de nodules dans les sujets examinés ne dépasserait pas 10%.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Endemicity and clinical manifestations of onchocerciasis in the province of Bururi, Burundi

Hicuburundi

Ndimuruvugo

1997

Tropical Med Int Health

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Ré suméUn échantillon de la population de 20 collines (unités administratives) de la province de Bururi (Burundi) a été examiné pour déterminer la prévalence et l'intensité de l'onchocercose dans cette région endémique. Globalement, 34,4% de la population y est parasitée, ce qui revient à environ 80 000 personnes pour la totalité du foyer. Autour de Rumonge se trouve une zone hyperendémique. Elle est entourée par une zone mésoendémique et à la périphérie se trouve une zone hypoendémique. L'examen clinique d'un sous-échantillon a montré que le prurit et les lésions cutanées ne sont pas très fréquents (respectivement 58,2% et 28,1% chez les sujets positifs). Les nodules sous-cutanés sont de petite taille et difficiles à trouver (21,3% chez les sujets positifs). L'acuité visuelle est 10/10 pour 92,2% des yeux examinés. Une légère diminution de la vision, chez 9,4% des cas positifs, pourrait être attribuée à l'onchocercose. Endemicity and clinical manifestations of onchocerciasis in the province of Bururi, Burundi SummaryA sample of the population of 20 'collines' (administrative units) of the province of Bururi (Burundi, Central Africa) was examined to determine the prevalence and intensity of onchocerciasis in this endemic region. In all, 34.4% of the population is infected, that is about 80 000 people for the whole area. Around Rumonge onchocerciasis is hyperendemic. This area is surrounded by a mesoendemic zone and at the periphery onchocerciasis is hypoendemic. The clinical examination of a subsample showed that pruritus and skin lesions are not very frequent (58.2 and 28.1% respectively in positive persons). Subcutaneous nodules are small and difficult to find (21.3% in positive cases). Vision is 10/10 in 92.2% of the examined eyes. A slight drop in visual acuity may be attributed to onchocerciasis in 9.4% of positive cases.

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A rapid mapping technique for the prevalence and distribution of onchocerciasis: a Cameroon case study

Cited by 121 publications

References 3 publications

Research for control: the onchocerciasis experience*

Research for control: the onchocerciasis experience*

Development and evaluation of an antigen detection dipstick assay for the diagnosis of human onchocerciasis

Endemicity and clinical manifestations of onchocerciasis in the province of Bururi, Burundi

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