A rapid method for the simultaneous quantification of the major tocopherols, carotenoids, free and esterified sterols in canola ( Brassica napus ) oil using normal phase liquid chromatography

Flakelar, Clare; Prenzler, Paul D.; Luckett, David J.; Howitt, Julia; Doran, Gregory

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.059

Cited by 67 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In these types of extraction techniques, n ‐hexane is commonly used as the solvent . However, despite its high efficiency in the extraction of vegetable oils, this solvent is considered toxic and harmful at high concentrations .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressurized liquid extraction of macauba pulp oil

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to investigate the extraction of oil from macauba pulp using ethanol and isopropanol as pressurized solvents. Experiments were carried out in a semi‐continuous extractor system at various temperatures (40, 60, and 80 °C) maintaining the pressure fixed at 10 000 kPa and the solvent flow at 3 mL/min and also using conventional extraction (in a Soxhlet). For both methods assessed, higher yields were obtained with the use of ethanol as the solvent. In the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), an increase in temperature from 40 to 60 °C provided higher yields at 72 min of extraction, which was not influenced by the extraction carried out at 80 °C. This temperature effect was also observed in the extraction kinetics data. The maximum yields obtained by PLE were 44.78 % and 37.12 % with ethanol and isopropanol, respectively, which represents ∼77 % of the yield obtained by conventional extraction. Oleic and palmitic acids are the main fatty acids identified in macauba pulp oil, representing ∼88 % of the fatty acids composition, which was not influenced by the extraction method and solvent used. PLE with ethanol provides oils with higher levels of β‐carotene. The flavonoid content was higher with the use of isopropanol; however, it was not influenced by the method used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressurized liquid extraction of macauba pulp oil

et al. 2017

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“…Prior to analysis, oil samples were prepared (0.25 g oil made to 10 mL volume with n ‐hexane), and filtered into amber autosampler vials to minimise light intrusion. Phytosterols, tocopherols and carotenoids were analysed using a normal phase HPLC DAD‐MS/MS method as previously described …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Storage Temperature and Duration on Bioactive Concentrations in the Seed and Oil of Brassica napus (Canola)

Flakelar

Doran

Howitt³

et al. 2017

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The effects of storage temperature and duration on phytosterol, tocopherol and carotenoid concentrations are assessed in canola seed, and oil extracted using two different techniques, over a 10 month period. Increases to oxidation indices (K232, K270 and ΔK) are observed in the solvent extracted oils, and in the seed stored at 40 °C, indicating the formation of primary and secondary oxidation products. Only small decreases in the concentrations of γ‐tocopherol and β‐carotene are observed across the 10 month period. Phytosterol concentration decreases over time, with similar degradation rates observed in both seed and oils. α‐tocopherol and lutein are well preserved up to 7 months in all samples, despite oil oxidation, and further research will be needed to identify the cause for retention of bioactives. The results indicate that in order to preserve phytosterols, tocopherols and carotenoids in seed stored in bulk for extended periods, storage temperatures should remain at or below 21 °C. Moreover, oil stored at 4 °C or −18 °C, results in high bioactive concentrations and slows the onset of oil oxidation, compared to oil stored at room temperature. Practical Applications: Industrial storage conditions have been shown to greatly influence the chemical processes that occur with canola seed and oil. However, the effects of typical storage conditions on phytosterols, tocopherols and carotenoids in canola seed and extracted oil, are not yet known. This study presents the effects of typical seed and oil storage conditions on phytosterol, tocopherol and carotenoid concentrations, whilst monitoring oxidation indices and FFA, and thus provides information to seed handlers and oil processors on storage conditions that may preserve these bioactives. Moreover, the different behaviours of bioactives are examined relative to the oil extraction technique used, and present opportunities to optimise oil extraction techniques. Time series plots for α‐tocopherol concentrations in canola oil stored at different temperatures over 280 days, illustrating a difference in behaviour between the solvent extracted oil and the hand‐press extracted oil.

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“…In the last decades’ research surrounding the nutritional properties and bioactive compounds in food has intensified. Specifically, the determination of fat soluble bioactive compounds in edible vegetable oils such as tocopherols, carotenoids and fatty acids . The American Heart association advises the consumers to shift from saturated fats to unsaturated oils .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the determination of fat soluble bioactive compounds in edible vegetable oils such as tocopherols, carotenoids and fatty acids. [11] The American Heart association advises the consumers to shift from saturated fats to unsaturated oils. [12] This replacement improves blood lipid and lipoprotein profile and reduces the risk of coronary heart diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Seeds and Oils from Salvia sclarea and Salvia officinalis

Živković

Ristić

Kschonsek

et al. 2017

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Composition of tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids, fatty acids, as well as hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant activities, were determined in seeds of two Salvia species and oils obtained from them. Both seeds contained a large amount of oil (around 20%) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. While Salvia officinalis seed oil can be classified as oleic-linoleic oil, the predominant fatty acid in Salvia sclarea was α-linolenic acid (around 54%). Among tocols, the main isomers in both seeds and oils were γ-tocopherol, followed by α-tocopherol. Concerning carotenoids, their concentration was around 0.75 mg/100 g of seeds and 0.16 mg/100 g of oils, with a predominance of lutein. Oil and seeds of S. officinalis exhibited higher antioxidant potential compared to S. sclarea investigated samples which could be attributed to higher content of total vitamin E and carotenoids. This study provides results that enables use of two Salvia species as new alternative sources of vegetable oils.

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A rapid method for the simultaneous quantification of the major tocopherols, carotenoids, free and esterified sterols in canola ( Brassica napus ) oil using normal phase liquid chromatography

Cited by 67 publications

References 34 publications

Pressurized liquid extraction of macauba pulp oil

Pressurized liquid extraction of macauba pulp oil

Effects of Storage Temperature and Duration on Bioactive Concentrations in the Seed and Oil of Brassica napus (Canola)

Comparison of Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Seeds and Oils from Salvia sclarea and Salvia officinalis

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