A rapid screening technique for photosynthetic mutants of higher plants

Miles, C. D.; Daniel, D. J.

doi:10.1016/0304-4211(73)90025-4

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…460 The analysis of changes in chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) offers possibilities not only to determine the site of electron transport inhibition by herbicides, but also to evaluate injuries from herbicides. Miles and Daniel [1973] detected changes in leaf fluorescence resulting from the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport by several inhibitors, including the herbicides simazine and diuron. Szigeti et al [1996] observed a difference in the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of the Paraquat-sensitive horseweed (Conyza canadensis) biotypes using a multichannel chlorophyll spectrofluorometer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking photosynthetic injury of Paraquat-treated crop using chlorophyll fluorescence from hyperspectral data

Liu

Zhao

Guan

2013

European Journal of Remote Sensing

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Three diurnal experiments were conducted on winter wheat to investigate how solarinduced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) responded to Paraquat treatments (a PSI herbicide). First, a slight increase in spectral reflectance in the red region and an obvious decrease in reflectance in the NIR regions was observed due to crop injury from Paraquat. Secondly, a significant increase in SIF at 688 nm, but a significant decrease at 760 nm was observed. The opposite response trends of SIF confirm the mechanism of PSI herbicides in photosynthetic injury. Finally, the sensitivity of SIF signals were compared to other vegetation indices, and the Fr688/760 ratio turned out to be a sensitive tool to rapidly detect herbicide injury.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking photosynthetic injury of Paraquat-treated crop using chlorophyll fluorescence from hyperspectral data

Liu

Zhao

Guan

2013

European Journal of Remote Sensing

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“…The conventional methods (27,28) give only the spatially averaged CR at a definite area because these use point sensors. The static imaging of Chl fluorescence such as photography (8,15) reveals the location of impairment for the whole leaf in a similar manner as the DLE imaging method, but it does not give any information involving in CFI.…”

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confidence: 99%

Image Analysis of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transients for Diagnosing the Photosynthetic System of Attached Leaves

Omasa¹,

Shimazaki²,

Aiga³

et al. 1987

Plant Physiol.

127

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A new image instrumentation system for quantitative analysis of the rapid change in intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence during dark-light transition (CFI, chlorophyll fluorescence induction), which is a sensitive indicator of the various reactions of photosynthesis, was developed and its performance was evaluated. This system made it possible to resolve CFI at any small leaf area (about 1 square millimeter) of a whole leaf when the plant was illuminated by blue-reen light at more than 50 micromoles photons per square meter per second. In order to test the usefulness of this system, we applied it to analyze the effect of S02 on photosynthetic apparatus in attached sunflower leaves. Dynamic CFI imaging over the whole single leaf, where there was no visible injury, indicated not only the local changes in photosynthetic activity but also the site of inhibition in photosynthetic electron transport system in chloroplasts. The new instrumentation system will be useful for the analytical diagnosis of various stress-actions on plants in situ. transport system. Therefore, the measurement and analysis of CFI in plant leaves in situ has been developed as a sensitive and nondestructive assay for the functional state of the photosynthetic apparatus (26,29,(31)(32)(33). The conventional methods (27,28) give only the spatially averaged CR at a definite area because these use point sensors. The static imaging of Chl fluorescence such as photography (8, 15) reveals the location of impairment for the whole leaf in a similar manner as the DLE imaging method, but it does not give any information involving in CFI.We therefore developed a new instrumentation system using a CCD image sensor for a quantitative analysis ofCFI, the system of which would give the information not only on the localized differences in photosynthetic activity on whole leaf in situ but also on the inhibition site in the photosynthetic system. In order to test the usefulness of this system, we successfully applied it to analyze the stress induced by SO2, a major phytotoxic air pollutant (10,12,17), on the photosynthetic apparatus of attached sunflower leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODSAbiotic and biotic stresses such as air pollutants, water deficit, high or low temperature, and virus infection cause a spatially heterogeneous impairment in attached leaves. The heterogeneous impairment was indicated in stomatal responses and photosynthetic activity. For example, recent investigations employing thermal imaging methods (9,19,21,22) and DLE2 imaging methods (6, 7) have shown evidence of spatially different responses of stomata in situ to various stresses. The DLE imaging method, furthermore, clarified localized changes in photosynthetic activity induced by the stresses (2, 5). However, these techniques did not provide any information about the site of inhibition in the photosynthetic apparatus.Rapid changes in intensity of Chl a fluorescence during darklight transition (CFI) reflect the various reactions of photosynthesis (4,11,13,18,24)

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“…To date, most higher plant photosynthesis mutants are characterized by gross pigment losses which are often accompanied by major alterations in thylakoid membrane morphology and the loss of many lamellar polypeptides (9,15,36,37). Recently, a large collection of photosynthesis mutants was obtained in Zea mays (28) using elevated levels of Chl fluorescence to screen specifically for mutants blocked in photosynthesis (29). By employing this technique, both fully green and yellow-green nuclear mutants with blocks in electron transport, photophosphorylation, and dark reactions have been identified (26,28).…”

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Characterization of Three Photosystem II Mutants in Zea mays L. Lacking a 32,000 Dalton Lamellar Polypeptide

Leto¹,

Miles²

1980

Plant Physiol.

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Two fully blocked and one partially blocked photosystem II nuclear mutants have been selected in Zea mays. The fully blocked mutants lack photosystem II activity, variable fluorescence, the light-inducible C-550 signal, the high potential form of cytochrome b-559, and most or all of the low potential form of the cytochrome. The block in these mutants may primarily affect the reducing side of photosystem II, inasmuch as chloroplasts isolated from both mutants exhibit an elevated F695 fluorescence emission peak. The partially blocked mutant exhibits partial photosystem 11 activity and a reduction, but not the total loss of the variable fluorescence yield, the C-550 signal, and the high potential form of cytochrome b-559. Lamellae isolated from the fully blocked mutants are greatly deficient for a major lamellar polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 32,000 daltons, whereas lamellae from the partially blocked mutant show the partial loss of this same polypeptide, suggesting that the 32,000 dalton polypeptide is necessary for the proper function of photosystem I.Genetic mutants are useful tools for the study of photosynthesis, as has been amply documented in the classic work with algal photosynthetic mutants (22). However, with the exception of the large collection of well characterized pigment mutants in barley (17, 36), the number of photosynthesis mutants studied in any single species of flowering plant has been relatively small. To date, most higher plant photosynthesis mutants are characterized by gross pigment losses which are often accompanied by major alterations in thylakoid membrane morphology and the loss of many lamellar polypeptides (9,15,36,37). Recently, a large collection of photosynthesis mutants was obtained in Zea mays (28) using elevated levels of Chl fluorescence to screen specifically for mutants blocked in photosynthesis (29). By employing this technique, both fully green and yellow-green nuclear mutants with blocks in electron transport, photophosphorylation, and dark reactions have been identified (26,28).The present study describes the characteristics of three nuclear photosynthesis mutants in maize. Two of these mutants, hcf*-33 and hcf*-19G, are fully blocked in PSII, whereas a third mutant, hcf*-19YG, is partially blocked in PSII. All three mutations affect not only PSII activity, but also cause the loss of one or both redox

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A rapid screening technique for photosynthetic mutants of higher plants

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Tracking photosynthetic injury of Paraquat-treated crop using chlorophyll fluorescence from hyperspectral data

Tracking photosynthetic injury of Paraquat-treated crop using chlorophyll fluorescence from hyperspectral data

Image Analysis of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transients for Diagnosing the Photosynthetic System of Attached Leaves

Characterization of Three Photosystem II Mutants in Zea mays L. Lacking a 32,000 Dalton Lamellar Polypeptide

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