A Rare Allele of GS2 Enhances Grain Size and Grain Yield in Rice

Hu, Jiang; Wang, Yuexing; Fang, Yunxia; Zeng, Longjun; Xu, Jie; Yu, Haiping; Shi, Zhonghua; Pan, Jianlin; Zhang, Dong; Kang, Shujing; Zhu, Li; Dong, Guojun; Guo, Longbiao; Zeng, Dali; Zhang, Guangheng; Xie, Lihong; Xiong, Guosheng; Li, Jiayang; Qian, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.molp.2015.07.002

Cited by 432 publications

(334 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast, KGW performance in hybrid rice is very stable, and the related QTLs function mainly in an additive manner, as shown in our study and by others (15,36). Thus, improved seed yield will benefit from pyramiding more QTLs from both parents, especially those that do not have a negative effect on other traits (56)(57)(58). Genetic analysis revealed that most QTLs detected in this study showed incomplete dominance and dominance effects, implying that dominance plays a leading role in driving yield heterosis and that it is possible to generate higher-yield hybrid rice by pyramiding more superior alleles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Integrated analysis of phenome, genome, and transcriptome of hybrid rice uncovered multiple heterosis-related loci for yield increase

Huang

Song

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

139

112

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Hybrid rice is the dominant form of rice planted in China, and its use has extended worldwide since the 1970s. It offers great yield advantages and has contributed greatly to the world’s food security. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis have remained a mystery. In this study we integrated genetics and omics analyses to determine the candidate genes for yield heterosis in a model two-line rice hybrid system, Liang-you-pei 9 (LYP9) and its parents. Phenomics study revealed that the better parent heterosis (BPH) of yield in hybrid is not ascribed to BPH of all the yield components but is specific to the BPH of spikelet number per panicle (SPP) and paternal parent heterosis (PPH) of effective panicle number (EPN). Genetic analyses then identified multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for these two components. Moreover, a number of differentially expressed genes and alleles in the hybrid were mapped by transcriptome profiling to the QTL regions as possible candidate genes. In parallel, a major QTL for yield heterosis, rice heterosis 8 (RH8), was found to be the DTH8/Ghd8/LHD1 gene. Based on the shared allelic heterozygosity of RH8 in many hybrid rice cultivars, a common mechanism for yield heterosis in the present commercial hybrid rice is proposed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Integrated analysis of phenome, genome, and transcriptome of hybrid rice uncovered multiple heterosis-related loci for yield increase

Huang

Song

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

139

112

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“…In rice, more than 400 QTLs that control grain shape traits have been detected and at least 20 genes have been isolated by map-based cloning strategies (Huang et al 2013;Zuo & Li 2014;Hu et al 2015;Liu et al 2015a, b;Wang et al 2015a, b). Compared with the results of previous studies, it can be deduced that RK4 should not be the same locus as the report by Tan et al (2000) detecting a QTL between the RFLP markers RG360 and C734a affecting grain width and length-width ratio, and it is not either as the report by Xing et al (2002) detecting a QTL between the RFLP markers R3166 and RG360 controlling grain weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis and fine mapping of the RK4 gene for round kernel in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Sheng-qiang¹,

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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Li S., Zhang R., Chen J., Zou J., Liu T., Zhou G. (2017): Genetic analysis and fine mapping of the RK4 gene for round kernel in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 53: 153−158.Grain shape of rice is an important trait for both yield and quality. A rice rk4 (round kernel) mutant was obtained from the japonica variety Zhonghua 11 by radiation of 60 Co-γ. The grain width of the mutant was increased and the length was decreased. Simultaneously, the 1000-grain weight was slightly reduced, therefore the grain shape of the mutant tended to be small and round. In this study, genetic analysis and gene mapping of the mutant gene were carried out using the F 2 and F 3 populations derived from the mutant and the indica variety Xianhui 8006. The results suggested that the round kernel was controlled by a single recessive allele (rk4) which was located on chromosome 5. The RK4 gene was further mapped between the molecular markers LSTS5-77 and LSTS5-60 with 0.57 and 0.096 cM, respectively. A BAC clone was found to span the RK4 locus, and the RK4 gene was placed in a 46 kb region that contains six annotated genes according to the available sequence annotation database. This result will help us to isolate the RK4 gene and reveal the molecular mechanism of the round kernel in rice.

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“…In addition, several genes that regulate grain size by influencing cell expansion have been reported in rice. The major QTL for grain size ( GS2 ) encodes Growth-Regulating Factor 4 (OsGRF4) (Che et al, 2015; Duan et al, 2015; Hu et al, 2015). OsGRF4/GS2 physically interacts with transcriptional coactivators GRF-interacting Factors (GIFs) to regulate grain size by increasing both cell expansion and cell proliferation in spikelet hulls (Duan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMALL GRAIN 11 Controls Grain Size, Grain Number and Grain Yield in Rice

Fang

Huang

et al. 2016

Rice

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BackgroundGrain size is one of key agronomic traits that determine grain yield in rice. Several regulators of grain size have been identified in rice, but the mechanisms that determine grain size and yield remain largely unknown.ResultsHere we characterize a small grain (smg11) mutant in rice, which exhibits small grains, dense panicles and the increased number of grains per panicle. Cloning and sequence analyses of the SMG11 gene reveal that smg11 is a new allele of DWARF2 (D2), which encodes a cytochrome P450 (CYP90D2) involved in brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway. Overexpression of D2/SMG11 increases grain size and grain weight of wild-type plants. Overexpression of D2/SMG11 at a suitable level also significantly increases grain yield in rice. Cellular analyses indicate that D2/SMG11 controls grain size by promoting cell expansion. Further results reveal that D2/SMG11 influences expression of several known grain size genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion, revealing a novel link between D2/SMG11 and known grain size genes.Conclusions SMG11 controls grain size by promoting cell expansion in grain hulls. SMG11 regulates cell expansion, at least in part, by influencing expression of several grain size genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion. The smg11 is a new allele of DWARF2/D2. The suitable expression of SMG11 increases grain size, grain weight and grain yield. Our findings reveal the functions of D2/SMG11 in grain size and grain yield, suggesting that the suitable expression of D2/SMG11 is a promising approach to improve grain yield in rice.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0136-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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A Rare Allele of GS2 Enhances Grain Size and Grain Yield in Rice

Cited by 432 publications

References 36 publications

Integrated analysis of phenome, genome, and transcriptome of hybrid rice uncovered multiple heterosis-related loci for yield increase

Integrated analysis of phenome, genome, and transcriptome of hybrid rice uncovered multiple heterosis-related loci for yield increase

Genetic analysis and fine mapping of the RK4 gene for round kernel in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

SMALL GRAIN 11 Controls Grain Size, Grain Number and Grain Yield in Rice

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