A rare case of a malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast associated with secretion of beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin

Andring, Lauren M.; Tawil, Abir; Deraniyagala, Rohan

doi:10.1111/tbj.13383

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…β-hCG secreting sarcomas are extremely rare and have been described in cases of osteosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma and phyllodes tumours, and in the majority of these cases β-hCG normalised after treatment of the primary tumour 16–23. Harrold et al described the case of a 35-year-old woman who presented with right knee swelling, and radiological and pathological workup revealed metastatic osteosarcoma 18.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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β-hCG secreting uterine PEComa

Murphy,

Machlab,

Almohsen

et al. 2024

BMJ Case Rep

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A postmenopausal female patient presented with vaginal bleeding. Initial bloodwork revealed an elevated serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin level (β-hCG). Pelvic MRI identified a complex heterogeneous uterine mass with central necrosis. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral saplingo-oopherectomy. Pathology reported a malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumour (PEComa). Postoperatively, her β-hCG level returned to normal. β-hCG secreting sarcomas are extremely rare, and to our knowledge, there has only been one previously reported case of a β-hCG secreting PEComa. Based on the limited literature, these tumours may have a worse prognosis. The role of β-hCG as a marker of treatment response and disease activity is unclear. Additional studies are required to further ascertain its role as a predictive and prognostic biomarker.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunohistochemical stain confirmed that the tumour cells were the source of β-hCG. Andring et al presented the rare case of a 50-year-old woman with a malignant phyllodes tumour of the breast 20. Serum β-hCG was markedly elevated, and pregnancy was excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-hCG secreting uterine PEComa

Murphy,

Machlab,

Almohsen

et al. 2024

BMJ Case Rep

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Beta‐hCG–producing malignant phyllodes tumour

Leung,

Marabi,

Tsoi

2024

Surgical Practice

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Phyllodes tumours (PTs) of the breasts are rare fibroepithelial tumours accounting for less than 1% of all breast tumours. They have a wide range of presentations, ranging from benign‐natured tumours that behave similarly to fibroadenomas, to aggressive malignant tumours that can rapidly advance both locally and distally. Histologically, PTs are classified into benign, borderline, or malignant based on a combination of the following five features: degree of stromal cellularity, stromal cell atypia, mitotic activity, infiltrative or circumscribed margins, and presence or absence of stromal overgrowth. Malignant tumours demonstrate high levels of stromal cellularity and atypia, infiltrative margins, high mitotic rate (>10 mitoses per 10 high‐power fields), and the presence of stromal overgrowth. Treatment predominantly relies on complete excision of the lesion, although treatment regimens for malignant PTs with adjuvant chemoradiation lack standardization as a result of its rarity. Malignant tumours are also often associated with paraneoplastic syndromes such as recurrent hypoglycaemia and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Here, we report a case of recurrent malignant PT with serum beta‐human chorionic gonadotrophin secretion.

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