A rare case of a natural contact zone in Morocco between an autopolyploid and an allopolyploid of <i>Centaurea aspera</i> with sterile tetraploid hybrids

Garmendia, Alfonso; Ferriol, M.; Juárez, José; Zając, Andrzej; Kałużny, K.; Merlé, Hugo

doi:10.1111/plb.12284

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The 1/3 distal cotyledonary tissue was used to determine the ploidy level of each embryo by flow cytometry, as described in Garmendia et al . [ 16 ]. The rest of the embryo (2/3) was placed in wet Petri dishes at room temperature and in natural light to analyze germination of cut embryos.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both taxa are distributed in the western Mediterranean. Centaurea seridis mainly grows on coastal sand and pebble dunes in the Spanish central and southern Mediterranean coast and Moroccan northern coast [ 16 ]. Centaurea aspera has a broader distribution area, growing inland and on fixed and semi-fixed coastal dunes in the western Mediterranean part including countries such as Italy, France, Spain and Morocco among others [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aspera . Accordingly, several extensive contact zones have been recorded along the Spanish and Moroccan coast [ 16 , 18 ]. The origin of these contact zones is not obvious.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allogamy-Autogamy Switch Enhance Assortative Mating in the Allotetraploid Centaurea seridis L. Coexisting with the Diploid Centaurea aspera L. and Triggers the Asymmetrical Formation of Triploid Hybrids

et al. 2015

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Hybridization between tetraploids and their related diploids is generally unsuccessful in Centaurea, hence natural formation of triploid hybrids is rare. In contrast, the diploid Centaurea aspera and the allotetraploid C. seridis coexist in several contact zones where a high frequency of triploid hybrids is found. We analyzed the floral biology of the three taxa to identify reproductive isolation mechanisms that allow their coexistence. Flowering phenology was recorded, and controlled pollinations within and between the three taxa were performed in the field. Ploidy level and germination of progeny were also assessed. There was a 50% flowering overlap which indicated a phenological shift. Diploids were strictly allogamous and did not display mentor effects, while tetraploids were found to be highly autogamous. This breakdown of self-incompatibility by polyploids is first described in Centaurea. The asymmetrical formation of the hybrid was also found: all the triploid intact cypselae came from the diploid mothers pollinated by the pollen of tetraploids. Pollen and eggs from triploids were totally sterile, acting as a strong triploid block. These prezygotic isolation mechanisms ensured higher assortative mating in tetraploids than in diploids, improving their persistence in the contact zones. However these mechanisms can also be the cause of the low genetic diversity and high genetic structure observed in C. seridis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allogamy-Autogamy Switch Enhance Assortative Mating in the Allotetraploid Centaurea seridis L. Coexisting with the Diploid Centaurea aspera L. and Triggers the Asymmetrical Formation of Triploid Hybrids

et al. 2015

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“…It is highly differentiated locally and grows in a wide range of habitats: in dry and open habitats at low elevations, remnant Mediterranean forest patches, and nitrophilous sand dunes. In Europe, only diploid populations of C. aspera have been recorded (compiled in Invernón, Devesa & López, 2013 ; see also Garmendia et al, 2015 ). C. seridis is an allotetraploid that derives from C. aspera and one still unknown closely-related species ( Invernón, Devesa & López, 2013 ; Ferriol, Merle & Garmendia, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It usually develops on maritime sand soils and rarely occurs inland, on rocky soils in dry open habitats. In east Spain and west Morocco, both species co-exist in several contact zones, hybridise and generate morphologically intermediate hybrids, C. x subdecurrens Pau ( Ferriol et al, 2012 , Garmendia et al, 2015 ). In east Spain, the hybrids from diploid subspecies of C. aspera and tetraploid C. seridis are triploid and sterile ( Ferriol, Merle & Garmendia, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and ecological segregation on regional and microgeographic scales of the diploidCentaurea asperaL., the tetraploidC. seridisL., and their triploid hybrids (Compositae)

Garmendia

Merlé

Ruiz

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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Although polyploidy is considered a ubiquitous process in plants, the establishment of new polyploid species may be hindered by ecological competition with parental diploid taxa. In such cases, the adaptive processes that result in the ecological divergence of diploids and polyploids can lead to their co-existence. In contrast, non-adaptive processes can lead to the co-existence of diploids and polyploids or to differentiated distributions, particularly when the minority cytotype disadvantage effect comes into play. Although large-scale studies of cytotype distributions have been widely conducted, the segregation of sympatric cytotypes on fine scales has been poorly studied. We analysed the spatial distribution and ecological requirements of the tetraploid Centaurea seridis and the diploid Centaurea aspera in east Spain on a large scale, and also microspatially in contact zones where both species hybridise and give rise to sterile triploid hybrids. On the fine scale, the position of each Centaurea individual was recorded along with soil parameters, accompanying species cover and plant richness. On the east Spanish coast, a slight latitudinal gradient was found. Tetraploid C. seridis individuals were located northerly and diploid C. aspera individuals southerly. Tetraploids were found only in the habitats with strong anthropogenic disturbance. In disturbed locations with well-developed semi-fixed or fixed dunes, diploids and tetraploids could co-exist and hybridise. However, on a fine scale, although taxa were spatially segregated in contact zones, they were not ecologically differentiated. This finding suggests the existence of non-adaptive processes that have led to their co-existence. Triploid hybrids were closer to diploid allogamous mothers (C. aspera) than to tetraploid autogamous fathers (C. seridis). This may result in a better ability to compete for space in the tetraploid minor cytotype, which might facilitate its long-term persistence.

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In Vivo Ploidy Determination of Arabidopsis thaliana Male and Female Gametophytes

Keçeli

Storme

Geelen

2017

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Organ- or tissue-specific ploidy level determination is often used for answering biological, molecular, genetic, or evolutionary questions in plant sciences. However, current techniques for ploidy determination either cannot provide information on single cell level, require destructive sample preparation, or are laborious and time-consuming. Here, we present a new approach developed in Arabidopsis thaliana, which is not only less labor intensive but also allows in vivo ploidy determination on single cell level. The technique is based on the incorporation of a transgenic construct, consisting of the centromere-specific protein CENH3 fused to the fluorescent reporter GFP that specifically labels centromeric regions and hence allows for an accurate visual determination of the cell's chromosome number. Moreover, by combining the construct with a gametophyte-specific promoter, the technique enables accurate chromosome quantification in all individual gametophytic cell types formed during micro- and mega-gametogenesis. As such, CENH3-based centromere visualization provides an easy and straightforward method to monitor meiotic cell division integrity, gametophytic chromosome dynamics, and reproductive ploidy stability.

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A rare case of a natural contact zone in Morocco between an autopolyploid and an allopolyploid of Centaurea aspera with sterile tetraploid hybrids

Abstract: Merle, H. (2015), A rare case of a natural contact zone in Morocco between an autopolyploid and an allopolyploid of Centaurea aspera with sterile tetraploid hybrids. Abstract 25A new contact zone between C. aspera and C. seridis was found in Morocco.

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Allogamy-Autogamy Switch Enhance Assortative Mating in the Allotetraploid Centaurea seridis L. Coexisting with the Diploid Centaurea aspera L. and Triggers the Asymmetrical Formation of Triploid Hybrids

Allogamy-Autogamy Switch Enhance Assortative Mating in the Allotetraploid Centaurea seridis L. Coexisting with the Diploid Centaurea aspera L. and Triggers the Asymmetrical Formation of Triploid Hybrids

Distribution and ecological segregation on regional and microgeographic scales of the diploidCentaurea asperaL., the tetraploidC. seridisL., and their triploid hybrids (Compositae)

In Vivo Ploidy Determination of Arabidopsis thaliana Male and Female Gametophytes

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