A Rare Case of Massive Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenoma With Postmenopausal Bleeding

Abstract

Mucinous cystadenomas are among the most common benign ovarian neoplasms. They are known for their massive size causing compressive effects ranging from pressure, pain, bloating, and urinary symptoms. Over time, these adnexal masses can lead to fatal complications, such as ovarian torsion or hemorrhage. Incidental findings of these tumors are common as many of these patients are asymptomatic. Pelvic examinations and imaging studies can be used to further diagnose symptomatic patients and aid physicians in developing an appropriate course of treatment. We report a rare case of a large mucinous cystadenoma, with a size of 25 × 25 cm and concurrent management of postmenopausal bleeding. We present the data from the admission of the patient to her discharge, including history and physical examination, diagnostic reports, transabdominal ultrasound, CT scan, surgical evaluation, and surgicalpathology reports. Abdominal pain can present in a variety of different scenarios, and ovarian masses only represent a small portion of the differentials. Mucinous cystadenomas constitute an even smaller percentage of these ovarian growths. As discussed in this case report, a large ovarian mucinous cystadenoma was compressing the surrounding structures resulting in a wide array of symptoms. The case describes the importance of extensive diagnostic evaluation and prompt surgical management of these ovarian tumors. It also brings attention to the significance of diagnosing a medical condition such as postmenopausal bleeding promptly to avoid potential negative outcomes.

A 24 kgs giant mucinous cystadenoma in a post-menopausal woman: A rare case report

“…Mucinous tumors comprise of 75% of benign ,10% of borderline and 15% of malignant lesions [2] Giant ovarian tumors generally pose risk due to their location and pressure effects on surrounding Size and laterality play important roles in determining the origin of the tumor, whether primary or metastatic. In contrast to metastatic tumors, primary tumors tend to be larger and unilateral [4] . The large size of the ovarian cyst strongly suggests a mucinous histology due to the mucus filling the cystic spaces.…”

“…The mucinous cyst rupture can result in mucinous deposits filling in the entire peritoneum because the complication generally referred to as pseudomyxoma peritonei [7] . Various cases of giant tumours have been reported in the past, Spohn reported a giant tumor of 148.6 kg ,while in central india case reported at 56.95 kg [4] . We hereby report the largest tumour to be the largest documented ovarian tumour in southern part of India to the best of our knowledge, but the occurrence of such tumours is quite rare, and thus their management practices require meticulous planning and expertise.…”

“…About 80% of mucinous tumours remain benign, 10% represent borderline and 10% are malignant, of which 80% are metastatic, with the gastrointestinal tract being the primary site in 45% of cases other organs such as the pancreas and breast have additionally been implicated. They are typically observed among the 1/3 and 5th decade of life [4] . Management of ovarian tumours basically starts with an evaluation of the malignant capability of the tumour with the aid of using the risk malignancy index which relies upon at the menopausal status, ultrasonographic findings and ranges of ca 125 [5] .…”

A rare case, severe preeclampsia in pregnancy with massive mucin ovarium cyst: A case report

“…This mucinous type ovarian tumor often has an enormous size. A large tumor can cause complications due to compression effects, like tightness, pain, bloating, and urinary tract symptoms [7]. Preterm delivery at this patient due to the distension caused by the tumor initiates gap-junction protein, increasing maternal corticotropin-releasing hormone and estrogen levels, affecting myometrial contractility and cervical ripening [13].…”

“…The percentage of mucin ovarian cysts is 15-20% of all existing ovarian tumors, and only 10% are borderline type [5,6]. This mucin ovarian adenoma cyst rarely occurs during adolescence and pregnancy [7]. One-third of borderline mucinous tumors are diagnosed in women before 40 years old, the epidemiology and management of this tumors during pregnancy also still little known [8].…”