A rare case of plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumor in the stomach which was diagnosed at the earliest stage in the literature

Abstract

Plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumor (PAMT) is a rare gastric mesenchymal entity with a peculiar plexiform pattern, bland spindle cells and myxoid stroma rich in arborizing blood vessels. Here we report a 44-year-old Chinese woman with PAMT. Initially she was admitted for removal of a gastric antral‘polyp’ found on a routine examination 5 months previously. Our gastroscopy showed a 0.8 × 0.8 cm polyp-like mass in the antrum which protruded into the lumen. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed to remove this mass en bloc. The specimen was carefully examined by pathologists, and the correct diagnosis of PAMT was finally made. The tumor in this case depicted typical histopathological and immunohistochemical features of gastric PAMT. This PAMT was not only the smallest on endoscopic examination in the literature but also—unlike the already reported PAMTs—exhibited a focal hyperechogenic lesion on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). This information highlights its value on how to identify a PAMT at its early stage.

An Update on Clinicopathological and Molecular Features of Plexiform Fibromyxoma

“…The likelihood that PF could directly or indirectly provoke reflux symptoms is doubtful, and the reflux symptoms were more likely to be concurrent with PF because of the high GERD prevalence worldwide. Ten cases were diagnosed incidentally, even with ulcerative PF lesions [25, 33, 59]; the size of incidentally diagnosed tumor ranged from 0.8 to 4.5 cm, and 4 tumors were located at gastric body, 1 was located at gastric fundus, and 5 were located at gastric antrum or pylorus [1, 16, 25, 27, 33, 37, 56, 59, 61]. Two cases with hemorrhagic perforation were reported by Takahashi et al and Tan et al, with maximal tumor diameters of 4 and 3.5 cm, respectively [1, 21].…”