A rare case of renal vein thrombosis secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae pyelonephritis

Abstract

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is most often an implication of nephrotic syndrome. Pyelonephritis has been associated at a much lower rate, with the incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae causation being extremely rare. In our case, a 35-year-old female patient presented with right-sided K. pneumoniae-positive acute pyelonephritis complicated by perinephric abscess and renal vein thrombosis. She was successfully treated with anticoagulation and extended antibiotic therapy. The possibility of RVT in patients with K. pneumoniae-induced pyelonephritis warrants consideration.

Renal Vein Thrombosis Secondary to Sepsis from Obstructive Pyelonephritis

“…The particularity of our case is that RVT is caused by obstructive pyelonephritis (lithiasis). This is the third case reported in the literature of pyelonephritis with lithiasis [3,4]. Pyelonephritis leads to a state of hypercoagulability that results in RVT.…”

Renal Vein Thrombosis Secondary to Pyelonephritis: Targeting a Thrombo-Inflammatory Entity

“…To date, only a small number of similar cases have been documented in the literature. The clinical characteristics of these patients are described in Table 2 [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

“…To date, only a small number of similar cases have been documented in the literature. The clinical characteristics of these patients are described in Table 2 [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Most cases involved females (63.6%), with a median patient age of 49.7 years, while diabetes mellitus was present in four patients (Table 2).…”

Segmental renal vein thrombosis: An unusual complication of acute pyelonephritis

“… 1 Indeed, KP seems to be implicated in the RVT pathogenesis by a state of hypercoagulability induced by immune cell recognition of pathogen-associated antigens which activates an inflammatory cascade resulting in the release of tissue factor, a pro-coagulant of the extrinsic pathway. 2 Clinically it is hard to distinguish the RVT symptoms from those of APN. Computed tomography allows the diagnosis in the majority of cases; however, visualization of thrombosis is not always straightforward especially when the segmental veins are concerned.…”