A rare case of Rosai–Dorfman disease presenting as a pulmonary artery mass in a 33‐year‐old female with hypoxia

Abstract

Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare form of non‐Langerhans histiocytosis. It is often idiopathic in etiology, but has been associated with viral, autoimmune, and malignant disease. Adequate diagnosis of RDD requires a combination of clinical symptoms, radiography, and histology. Most commonly, patients with RDD present with cervical lymphadenopathy. We describe a case of a young female who was initially thought to have a pulmonary embolism at the time of a COVID‐19 infection but was noted to have a rare occurrence of RDD presenting as a pulmonary artery mass upon further evaluation of radiology and histology. Though RDD is frequently benign, extranodal involvement can progress to end organ damage and must be recognized appropriately.

Cranial Rosai-Dorfman disease: a case report and literature review

“…On X-rays and CT scans, it typically presents as osteolytic bone destruction with rare periosteal reactions ( 8 ). The masses are well-defined, and invasion into surrounding soft tissues is uncommon, often exhibiting a drilling-like growth pattern into areas of lesser resistance along the muscle spaces ( 9 ). On MRI, it appears as low or isointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images, with uniform and marked enhancement post-contrast ( 10 ).…”