“…Those individuals throughout human evolutionary history who were better able to detect men's resource-holding power from their body size and composition would have avoided costly losses, formed valuable coalitions, and, for women, selected higher-quality mates (Puts, 2010;Sell et al, 2009Sell et al, , 2012. These selective pressures have shaped modern human psychology: preverbal infants use body size to predict the outcome of dominance contests (Thomsen et al, 2011), and people rate men with greater body size as higher in fighting ability and aggressiveness (Caton et al, , 2023, leadership ability (Holbrook & Fessler, 2013;Re et al, 2012), masculinity (Holzleitner et al, 2014), and persuasiveness (Kniffin et al, 2019). Moreover, body size and muscularity are strong determinants of men's attractiveness cross-culturally (Anikin et al, 2021;Aung et al, 2021b;Sell et al, 2017), with one study reporting that none of the 160 heterosexual women involved in the study reported statistically significant preferences for men with physically weaker physiques (Sell et al, 2017).…”