A re‐evaluation of scaling and root planing

Cobb, Charles M.; Sottosanti, John S.

doi:10.1002/jper.20-0839

Cited by 82 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, the presence of bacteria was only regarded as the initiating factor. Indeed, the pathogenesis of periodontitis involves several molecules of the immune system that interact in a network to eliminate the pathogens, themselves contributing to noticeable damage in the whole apparatus of the periodontium [ 56 , 57 ]. Within the progression of periodontitis, there is high expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and regulatory cytokines such as IL-4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA Nanofibers for Microenvironmental-Responsive Quercetin Release in Local Periodontal Treatment

Cristo¹,

Valentino²,

Luca³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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The management of periodontitis remains a vital clinical challenge due to the interplay between the microorganisms of the dental biofilm and the host inflammatory response leading to a degenerative process in the surrounding tissues. Quercetin (QUE), a natural flavonol found in many foods, including apples, onions and tea, has exhibited prolonged and strong antibiofilm and anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. However, its clinical application is limited by its poor stability and water solubility, as well as its low bioavailability. Thus, in the present study, electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibers loaded with different amounts (5–10% w/w) of QUE were produced to rapidly respond to the acidic microenvironment typical of periodontal pockets during periodontal disease. This strategy demonstrated that PLA-QUE membranes can act as a drug reservoir releasing high QUE concentrations in the presence of oral bacterial infection (pH < 5.5), and thus limiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Streptococcus mutans biofilm maturation. In addition, released QUE exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on P. gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human gingival fibroblast (HGFs). The reported results confirmed that PLA-QUE membranes could inhibit subgingival biofilm maturation while reducing interleukin release, thereby limiting host inflammatory response. Overall, this study provided an effective pH-sensitive drug delivery system as a promising strategy for treating periodontitis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA Nanofibers for Microenvironmental-Responsive Quercetin Release in Local Periodontal Treatment

Cristo¹,

Valentino²,

Luca³

et al. 2022

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The gold standard in the therapy of periodontitis is the mechanical subgingival instrumentation [ 10 ], although due to the complex anatomy of periodontal pockets and teeth, this procedure is unable to fully eradicate bacterial biofilms. The use of systemic antimicrobials is controversial and limited to aggressive and severe forms of periodontitis [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Eucalyptus globulus, Azadirachta indica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rheum palmatum Extracts and Rhein against Porphyromonas gingivalis

et al. 2022

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Novel plant-derived antimicrobials are of interest in dentistry, especially in the treatment of periodontitis, since the use of established substances is associated with side effects and concerns of antimicrobial resistance have been raised. Thus, the present study was performed to quantify the antimicrobial efficacy of crude plant extracts against Porphyromonas gingivalis, a pathogen associated with periodontitis. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Eucalyptus globulus leaf, Azadirachta indica leaf, Glycyrrhiza glabra root and Rheum palmatum root extracts were determined by broth microdilution for P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). The MICs for the E. globulus, A. indica and G. glabra extracts ranged from 64 mg/L to 1024 mg/L. The lowest MIC was determined for an ethanolic R. palmatum extract with 4 mg/L. The MIC for the anthraquinone rhein was also measured, as the antimicrobial activity of P. palmatum root extracts can be partially traced back to rhein. Rhein showed a remarkably low MIC of 0.125 mg/L. However, the major compounds of the R. palmatum root extract were not further separated and purified. In conclusion, R. palmatum root extracts should be further studied for the treatment of periodontitis.

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“…Previous studies demonstrated a strong relationship between subgingival calculus and periodontal inflammation [ 278 , 279 , 280 ]. Therefore, scaling and tooth root debridement for removal of calculus is the therapy of choice regarding PD [ 281 ], and procedures with ultrasound systems for comfortable patient therapy are more popular [ 282 ].…”

Section: Calculusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nrf2 in the Field of Dentistry with Special Attention to NLRP3

et al. 2022

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The aim of this review article was to summarize the functional implications of the nuclear factor E2-related factor or nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), with special attention to the NACHT (nucleotide-binding oligomerization), LRR (leucine-rich repeat), and PYD (pyrin domain) domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the field of dentistry. NLRP3 plays a crucial role in the progression of inflammatory and adaptive immune responses throughout the body. It is already known that this inflammasome is a key regulator of several systemic diseases. The initiation and activation of NLRP3 starts with the oral microbiome and its association with the pathogenesis and progression of several oral diseases, including periodontitis, periapical periodontitis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The possible role of the inflammasome in oral disease conditions may involve the aberrant regulation of various response mechanisms, not only in the mouth but in the whole body. Understanding the cellular and molecular biology of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its relationship to Nrf2 is necessary for the rationale when suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for treatment and prevention of oral inflammatory and immunological disorders. In this review, we highlighted the current knowledge about NLRP3, its likely role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory oral processes, and its crosstalk with Nrf2, which might offer future possibilities for disease prevention and targeted therapy in the field of dentistry and oral health.

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A re‐evaluation of scaling and root planing

Cited by 82 publications

References 44 publications

PLA Nanofibers for Microenvironmental-Responsive Quercetin Release in Local Periodontal Treatment

PLA Nanofibers for Microenvironmental-Responsive Quercetin Release in Local Periodontal Treatment

Antimicrobial Activity of Eucalyptus globulus, Azadirachta indica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rheum palmatum Extracts and Rhein against Porphyromonas gingivalis

Nrf2 in the Field of Dentistry with Special Attention to NLRP3

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