A Reactive Peripheral Gamma-Delta T-cell Lymphoid Proliferation After a Tick Bite

Martin, Seth M.; Flowers, Richard; Saavedra, Arturo; Gru, Alejandro A.

doi:10.1097/dad.0000000000001352

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[19][20][21] γδ T-cell expression has been reported in cases of pityriasis lichenoides chronica and rarely in arthropod bite reactions. 2,22,23 Most γδ T cells originate from CD4 -CD8precursors and share molecular similarity with NK cells. Typically, γδ T cells express at least one NK-associated surface molecule such as CD56, CD16, or CD57 and share similar cytoplasmic cytotoxic markers like granzyme B or perforin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, studies of γδ T-cell positivity in inflammatory skin conditions demonstrate that γδ T cells account for only a small (<10%) population of the reactive cells, suggesting reactive skin infiltrates are not a widely confounding variable for the increased presence of this rare cell population 19–21 . γδ T-cell expression has been reported in cases of pityriasis lichenoides chronica and rarely in arthropod bite reactions 2,22,23 . Most γδ T cells originate from CD4 - CD8 - precursors and share molecular similarity with NK cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lymphomatoid Papulosis With T-cell Receptor–Gamma Delta Expression

Mark,

Kempf,

Guitart

et al. 2024

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) has several histopathologic presentations. LyP featuring gamma-delta (γδ) T-cell receptor expression may masquerade as and may be misdiagnosed as aggressive cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, particularly primary cutaneous γδ T-cell lymphoma (PCGDTL) or γδ mycosis fungoides. We performed a clinicopathologic analysis of the largest series of LyP featuring γδ T-cell expression. We identified 26 patients with a diagnosis of LyP with γδ T cells from our institutions, as well as through a comprehensive review of the literature, and characterized these cases. Most cases were treated with topical steroids or not treated at all. The majority of cases showed a CD4-CD8+ phenotype and featured at least one cytotoxic marker. Histopathologic features included an intraepidermal or dermal infiltrate with large cells and frequent angiotropism. One case was initially misdiagnosed as PCGDTL, requiring further therapy. Our case series, the largest international cohort of γδ T cell predominant LyP cases, confirms marked clinicopathologic heterogeneity that may contribute to misdiagnosis, reasserting the need to identify classic clinical features, CD30+ T-cell components, and markers of cytotoxicity when dealing with this differential diagnosis. A limitation of this study includes somewhat limited follow-up, histologic, and immunophenotypic information for some cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphomatoid Papulosis With T-cell Receptor–Gamma Delta Expression

Mark,

Kempf,

Guitart

et al. 2024

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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“…[29] After tick bite the same reaction has been reported in connection with transmitted Borrelia infections but in this case the links with Epstein-Barr virus is unclear. [30] According to a hypothesis, the complex phenomena of tick bite allergy (not the mammalian meat allergy) are a kind of protection against tick salivary molecules and ticktransmitted infections. The reactions include epidermal hyperplasia and increase in thickness of the skin.…”

Section: Allergy α-Gal Pathogens and Tumors Are Interconnectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick bite induced α‐gal syndrome highlights anticancer effect of allergy

Apari

Földvári

2021

BioEssays

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Tick bite induced α-gal syndrome (AGS) following consumption of mammalian meat is a recently described intriguing disease occurring worldwide. Here we argue that AGS and delayed allergy in general is an adaptive defence method against cancer. Our hypothesis synthesizes two lines of supporting evidence. First, allergy has been shown to have direct anti-cancer effects with unknown mechanism. Second, eating processed meat was shown to be linked to developing cancer. Humans lost their genes encoding molecules α-gal 30 MYA and Neu5Gc 2 MYA, the latter co-occurring with the start of using fire. These molecules are acquired from external sources, as tick bite for α-gal and mammalian meat for Neu5Gc, the latter accumulating in tumors. The resulting specific delayed allergic response is a molecular adaptation to fight cancer. By further testing and applying our hypothesis, new avenues in cancer research and therapy will open that might save lives and decrease human suffering.

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Pseudolymphomas of the skin

2020

Skin Lymphoma

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A Reactive Peripheral Gamma-Delta T-cell Lymphoid Proliferation After a Tick Bite

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Lymphomatoid Papulosis With T-cell Receptor–Gamma Delta Expression

Lymphomatoid Papulosis With T-cell Receptor–Gamma Delta Expression

Tick bite induced α‐gal syndrome highlights anticancer effect of allergy

Pseudolymphomas of the skin

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