A Readily Available Improvised Acetabular Cement Pressurizer

Anterior laxity and MR signals of the knee after exercise: A comparison of 9 normal knees and 6 anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed knees

“…We found a significant increase in anterior laxity in normal knees after exercise, supporting the results of previous studies (Stoller et al 1983, Skinner et al 1986, Steiner et al 1986). The effects of exercise on knees with ACL grafts demonstrated that the change in the anterior laxity of the reconstructed knees was similar to that in normal knees.…”

“…Our findings suggest that the ACL grafts are biomechanically and biochemically different from normal ACLs, even 15 months after ACL reconstruction. An increase in knee joint laxity after exercise haxDbeen reported by some investigators (Stoller et al 1983, Skinner et al 1986, Steiner et al 1986). This phenomenon was thought to be caused by decreased resting muscle tone due to fatigue, the viscoelastic behavior of the ligaments and other structures surrounding the knee joint, or by an elevation in temperature (Woo et al 1987, Fukubayashi et al 1991.…”

Anterior-posterior knee laxity increased by exercise: Quantitative evaluation of physiologic changes

“…Weisman et al (1980) reported that valgus compliance increased by mean 23% after sports activities such as basketball, skiing and hockey, and that the values were restored 1 hour after exercise. Stoller et al (1983) reported that torsional knee laxity, with 10-Nm internal and external torque to the tibia, increased by 14% after 30 minutes of running and that it returned to the level before exercise 52 minutes after running. Steiner et al (1986) reported that, in sedentary controls who were mainly sitting, no change in laxity was noted over 2 hours.…”

“…Moreover, the threshold of exercise that causes the maximum change is low. Acute changes in knee laxity after exercise have been reported by several investigators (Weisman et al 1980, Stoller et al 1983, Skinner et al 1986, Steiner et al 1986, Johannsen et al 1989, Sakai et al 1992. The knee joint is considered to have viscoelastic properties during exercise.…”

Identifying Multiplanar Knee Laxity Profiles and Associated Physical Characteristics

“…To control for the effects of exercise, all participants refrained from activity on the day that knee joint laxity values were obtained. 46,47 Anterior knee laxity was defined as the anterior displacement (in millimeters) of the tibia relative to the femur when a 133-N anteriordirected load was applied to the posterior aspect of the tibia (KT-2000 Knee Arthrometer; MEDmetric Corporation, San Diego, CA). Genu recurvatum was defined as the amount of knee hyperextension (in degrees) when the participant maximally extended the knee with the distal thigh supported by a 4-in (10-cm) bolster.…”