A reanalysis of nutrient dynamics in coniferous coarse woody debris

Holub, Scott M.; Spears, Julie D. H.; Lajtha, Kate

doi:10.1139/cjfr-31-11-1894

Cited by 31 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…However, no studies have examined N concentrations through decay classes of red pine CWD. Our results showed that the N concentration of CWD increases with increasing decay class, which is consistent with previous studies on decay class and time [13,25]. The increase in N concentration of CWD may not only be driven largely by C loss, but might also be influenced by microbial N fixation, nutrient immobilization, and input into decaying CWD via throughfall, including N deposition through the decay time [2,24].…”

Section: Variations In N Concentration Of Cwdsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Decomposition from Coarse Woody Debris in a Naturally Regenerated Korean Red Pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) Forest

Noh

Yoon

Kim

et al. 2017

Forests

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Abstract:The contribution of coarse woody debris (CWD) to forest carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics is poorly quantified. This study quantified total C and N content in CWD and estimated the decomposition rates of CWD at different decay stages in a 70-year-old naturally regenerated Korean red pine forest (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.). The N concentration in CWD varied among species and decay classes (from 0.15% to 0.82%), and exhibited a decreasing pattern in C:N ratios with increasing decay class. Total CWD amounts of 4.84 Mg C ha −1 , dominated by pine logs (45.4%) and decay class III (40.0%), contained total N of 20.48 kg N ha −1 , which was approximately nine times the N input from annual tree mortality. In addition, this study demonstrated that the decay constant rate k was 0.2497 for needle litter, whereas k values were 0.0438, 0.0693, 0.1054, and 0.1947 for red pine CWD of decay class I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The decay rates were significantly related to wood density, N concentration, and C:N ratio across the decay classes of CWD. The results suggest that the C:N ratio of CWD is a key factor affecting its decomposition.

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Section: Variations In N Concentration Of Cwdsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Global CWD contains approximately 36-72 Pg C, which may affect the total global forest C stock [10,11]. The CWD quantity and distribution is influenced by tree mortality and decomposition rate, which vary with climate, site characteristics, tree species, age, and disturbance dynamics [1][2][3][4][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Decomposition from Coarse Woody Debris in a Naturally Regenerated Korean Red Pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) Forest

Noh

Yoon

Kim

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…Previous studies indicated that certain elements, e.g. potassium, can be released at a higher rate; thus, their supply in deadwood is significantly reduced with advancing decomposition (Holub et al 2001;Christensen and Vesterdal 2003;Yang et al 2010). Kuehne et al (2008) Significance effect (P < 0.05) are shown in italic analysed the composition of leachate obtained through rinsing beech logs and determined a decrease of potassium concentration in the leachate originating from wood in the IV DC in relation to I, II and III DCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wood of coniferous species is less abundant with such macro nutrients as N, P, K, Ca and Mg than deciduous wood, and the higher concentration of resinous substances and different chemical composition of the lignins may vastly hinder the microbial processes of wood decomposition in coniferous species (Kögel-Knabner 2002). Within these groups, notable differences were also observed (Holub et al 2001;Prescott and Laiho 2002). It was demonstrated that changes in the content of certain macro nutrients depend on their initial content, which refers particularly to magnesium and potassium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the deadwood of different tree species in various stages of decomposition affected nutrient dynamics?

et al. 2017

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Purpose The aim of the study was to estimate how the deadwood of different tree species in various stages of decomposition affected nutrient dynamics. Materials and methods The deadwood of eight species (common alder, common aspen, common ash, silver fir, pedunculate oak, Norway spruce, common hornbeam and silver birch) was selected. Three logs from each species in the third, fourth and fifth decay classes were chosen for analysis. Wood in the third decay class was characterised by larger hard fragments, fragmented bark and no branches; in the fourth decay class, it was characterised by small pieces and a fragmented bark; and in the fifth decay class, it was characterised by a soft texture and no bark. The investigation was carried out in the Czarna Rózga Reserve in Central Poland. Tension lysimeters were installed under each log in the humus horizon. The water samples collected from tension lysimeters were chemically analysed in the laboratory. The water chemistry was analysed by means of ion chromatography using a DIONEX ICS 5000 unit. Results and discussion The leachate obtained from different tree species contained different ion concentrations. The high similarity of the concentration of total anions and statistically significant differences in the content of total cations were determined in the leachate from the wood of coniferous and deciduous species. The concentration of the cations increases with the advancement of the decomposition level. A general linear model analysis demonstrates that wood species and the decomposition classes are of equal importance in defining the ion composition of the filtrate leaching from deadwood. Conclusions Wood at the highest decomposition stage releases more ions to the surface soil layers than wood at the lower decay class. An exception from the rule is the wood of birch, which in the III decay class releases more ions than in its higher decay classes. When comparing the ionic composition of leachate released from wood of coniferous and deciduous tree species, the latter are characterised by higher cation concentrations in comparison with coniferous species. Among the deciduous species, wood of such species as ash, hornbeam, aspen, birch and alder has the most favourable effects on the soil surface horizons through its supply with ionic substances. The ash wood releases high amounts of calcium, hornbeam wood releases magnesium and sodium, and aspen releases calcium, potassium and nitrate anion. From the analysed coniferous species, fir wood has a more favourable effect in terms of ion release to soil than spruce wood.

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“…Because CWD takes much longer to decompose than fine woody debris [6], it serves as a carbon (C) pool [7,8] and it also increases the C content in the soil [9,10]. In addition to regulating nutrient cycling [11], CWD is an important source of water, especially during drought periods [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Quantity and Structure of Deadwood in Selection Managed and Old-Growth Forests in South-East Europe

Keren

Diaci

2018

Forests

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Abstract:The knowledge about the impact of selection silviculture on deadwood components is fairly scarce. This study compared two Dinaric old-growth forests (OGFs) with adjacent managed forests (MFs) in which the single-tree selection system has been applied for a century. The comparisons were made in terms of the current amounts of coarse woody debris (CWD), distribution of its decay stages, and diameter structure of different CWD types (snags, logs, stumps). The relationship between the volume of live and dead trees was also examined. In both OGFs and MFs, the most snags were found in the third decay stage, while the volume of logs and stumps increased from the first to fifth decay class. The study showed the clear advantage of OGFs over adjacent selection MFs in terms of CWD volume, whereas the basal area of live trees and growing stock were not always reliable indicators for distinguishing between MFs and OGFs. The diameter distribution of individual CWD types (snags, logs, stumps) also differed significantly between selection MFs and OGFs in all tested pairs. This fact, along with the significant differences in CWD volume, indicates that selection silviculture should be amended to incorporate practices that ensure more natural management of deadwood components.

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A reanalysis of nutrient dynamics in coniferous coarse woody debris

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Decomposition from Coarse Woody Debris in a Naturally Regenerated Korean Red Pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) Forest

Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Decomposition from Coarse Woody Debris in a Naturally Regenerated Korean Red Pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) Forest

How the deadwood of different tree species in various stages of decomposition affected nutrient dynamics?

Comparing the Quantity and Structure of Deadwood in Selection Managed and Old-Growth Forests in South-East Europe

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