A Reassessment of the HL-A System in Khoisan Populations of South West Africa

Nurse, G.T.; Bodmer, Julia G.; Bodmer, Walter F.; Leeuwen, A. van; Rood, Jon J. van; Toit, Du; Botha, Marisa

doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1975.tb01484.x

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As chairman of the Kalahari Research Committee, Tobias initiated a series of multidisciplinary expeditions to study the Kalahari San between the years (Tobias, 1966, 1972a, 1975a. These expeditions embraced physical anthropology, demography, and ecology, under the writer (1956, 195y7, 1961b, 1962, 1964) and Hertha de Villiers (1961, 1969a; human population genetics under Trefor Jenkins, George T. Nurse, and many collaborators in a series of field studies which continued well after the Kalah q i Research Committee ceased to operate in the 1970s (Jenkins, 1965(Jenkins, ,1968(Jenkins, ,1972Jenkins and Cleaton-Jones, 1966;Jenkins and Steinberg, 1966;Jenkins et al, 1968Jenkins et al, , 1970Jenkins et al, , 1971Jenkins et al, , 1975 Nurse, 1974, 1976; Jenkins, 1974, 1977a,b;Nurse et al, 1975); physiological adaptability, under Cyril Wyndham (Wyndham and Morrison, 1956, 1958;Ward et al, 1960; Wyndham et al, 1964a;Wyndham, 1965); psychological testing under Helmuth Reuning (1959) and Wendy Wortley (Reuning and Wortley, 1973); parasitology by Hans-Joachim Heinz (1961); and odontology under J.F. van Reenen (1961 and odontology under J.F.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It was a prime objective of these early studies to establish the bloodgroup pattern of various southern African populations and a subsidiary objective to determine whether the "Bantu" (South African Negro) constituted a "homogeneous race. "In the last quarter of a century considerable advances in the serogenetic appraisal of Southern African peoples were chalked up by the combined efforts of Robert W. Charlton and Thomas H. Bothwell (1959); Buckwalter et al (1961); Ralph E. Bernstein (e.g., 1963); Trefor Jenkins and George T. Nurse and their collaborators (e.g., Jenkins, 1963Jenkins, , 1972Jenkins, , 1982 Nurse, 1974,1976;Jenkins and Brain, 1967;Jenkins and Dunn, 1981; Jenkins and Cornfeld, 1972;Jenkins et al, 1968Jenkins et al, , 1971Jenkins et al, , 1975Jenkins et al, , 1978Jenkins et al, , 1980Nurse, 1977;Nurse et al, 1975Nurse et al, , 1976Nurse et al, , 1977Nurse et al, , 1978Nurse et al, , 1982Nurse et al, , 1985aNurse and Jenkins, 1973, 1977aWade et al, 1967;Chasko et al, 1979;Tipler et al, 1982; Jenkins, 1984, 1985); Alan N. Smith and C.G. Anderson of Johannesburg; H.W.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…John Campbell) in northern Cape [VoI 28,1985 Province. During the four expeditions, assisted by Hertha de Villiers and other staff members and research students of the Anatomy Department, he was able to supplement the human biological study of the living Griqua (Orkin and Stumke, 1967;Orkin, 1970;De Villiers, 1969a;Nurse and Jenkins, 1975) (1968, 1969, 1975). In Angola, Antonio de Almeida (1937, 1954, 1956a,b, 1959, 1965) was for over 10 years the director of the Anthropobiological Survey.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

History of physical anthropology in Southern Africa

Tobias

1985

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A brief history of physical anthropology in Southern Africa is presented. Beginning with early accounts of settlers and visitors, detailed consideration of early and subsequent fossil discoveries and the individuals involved is given. A discussion of studies on the living peoples of Southern Africa follows and includes a historical summary of research on the interrelationships among Khoisan and Negro peoples, race, growth, nutrition, and secular trends.The roots of physical anthropology in Southern Africa are nearly as old as the recording of history on these shores. From the earliest times, visitors and settlers were wont to record their impressions of the diverse indigenous peoples of these African subtropics. Their rudimentary observations provide a corpus of what we may call the protohistory of physical anthropology in Southern Africa: a review of this phase provides the first section of this essay and it will take the story up to 1877; 1877 may be recognized as the year of the birth of anthropology as a scientific discipline in Southern Africa. Subsequent to that landmark, the major events of the past century under the rubrics of various subdivisions of physical anthropology will be considered. A map of Southern Africa showing the locations of several of the major historical and paleoanthropological sites mentioned in the review is given in Figure 1. THE PROTOHISTORY OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (BEFORE 1877)Prior to 1877, most recorded data on the living peoples of the subcontinent were to be found in the annals of travelers, missionaries, and explorers. Some of the records go back to the Moslem geographers and merchants of the 10th to 14th centuries, who ventured down the east coast of Africa, well south of the equator, reaching at least 20°S, a t Sofala (later Nova Sofala in Mozambique). W. Hammond-Tooke (1908) reviewed some of the earlier contributions to anthropological work in his presidential address to Section F of the South African Association for the Advancement of Science in 1908. The writings of the very early Moslem travelers speak of two African peoples living along the East African littoral. There were the black Zenj or Zinj', who are thought to be progenitors of some of the Bantu-speaking peoples of southeast Africa and the yellow-skinned, click-speaking Waqwaq (or Wakwak), who were manifestly Khoisan peoples, although whether they were Khoikhoi (formerly known as Hottentots), San (previously Bushmen), or some other Khoisan group is not certain. The Zenj were encountered as far south as Sofala from the tenth century to the beginning of the sixteenth century. It would be wrong to infer from these writings of the earlier chroniclers that clickusing Bantu-speakers, such as the Zulu and Xhosa, were at that time no farther south than Sofala. Indeed, the latter view, as expressed for instance in W. HammondTooke's (1908) address and by George McCall Theal (19191, must be considered entirely false in the light of later historical and especially archeological research. The growth of knowledge in ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

History of physical anthropology in Southern Africa

Tobias

1985

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Considerable data are now available concerning HLA antigen frequencies in populations from Europe and North America, but there are relatively few studies of African negroid populations. For the class I antigens only, information is available for: San and Khoikoi of South West Africa (Botha et al 1972), Zambians (Festenstein et al 1972a), Congolese (Govaerts et al 1972), Zuluspeaking Blacks in South Africa (Brain & Hammond 1972), Ugandans , Khoisans of South West Africa (Nurse et al 1975), Tanzanians (Osoba et al 1979) and Tanzanians and Kenyans (Hall et al 1982). There is no extensive study to date on HLA antigens of Nigerian populations, although a study of 225 Yorubas tested for a limited number of antigens has been reported (Famuyiwa et al 1982).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

HLA polymorphisms in Nigerians

et al. 1985

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The HLA class I and class 11 phenotypes of a panel of 114 unrelated Nigerians have been determined. The panel was tested for all the known class I antigens and comparisons of the HLA-A and -B frequencies with those of other African Negroid populations revealed some differences. Only limited comparisons could be made for the HLA-DR and -D frequencies as these are not available for any well-defined African Negroid population. The data concerning the class I1 antigens of this panel are the most interesting. Half of the DRwll-positive panel members are DQw3 negative and DQwl positive. in addition, there is dissociation of some HLA-D and -DR specificities, a number of panel members are positive for an HLA-D specificity and are negative for the corresponding HLA-DR specificity. Our results show the value of population studies in the investigation of the relationship between the different HLA class 11 antigens.

show abstract

“…These groups, Zambians, Congolese, Central and North Bushmen, Hottentots and Heikum, are, among themselves, heterogeneous for some HLA alleles, as are the Bantu groups (see also Bodmer et al 1972). Some of these Black African populations are physically and culturally distinct from the Negroes of Central and West Africa (Nurse et al 1975). In addition to these studies there have been recent investigations of possible disease associations of Burkitt's Lymphoma with HLA in population samples from Kenya and Uganda (Bodmer e t al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of HLA Data of the North American Black with African Black and North American Caucasoid Populations

et al. 1977

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For purposes of genetic comparison, the available HLA data on United States and African Black, together with United States Caucasoid populations, are summarized. Antigen frequencies and pairwise linkage disequilibria are presented for the HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐C loci in Black populations typed for the 1975 Histocompatibility Testing Workshop. The Black population samples comprise 356 North American Blacks and 411 African Blacks of whom 222 were Bantu. These are compared with a sample of 503 American Caucasoids. All significant linkage disequilibria between the A and B loci found in North American Blacks were also present in the North American Caucasoids. Between the B and C loci, Bw35 and Cw4 were in strong linkage disequilibrium in all groups. Significantly strong association between the A and C loci (Aw28 with Cw3) were observed only in the African Blacks. There were unique disequilibria both in the American Caucasoids and African Blacks. Although the frequencies of many antigens in U.S. Blacks lie between those in Africans and U.S. Caucasoids, there are exceptions such as Aw33, Bw35, Cw4.

show abstract

A Reassessment of the HL-A System in Khoisan Populations of South West Africa

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

History of physical anthropology in Southern Africa

History of physical anthropology in Southern Africa

HLA polymorphisms in Nigerians

A Comparison of HLA Data of the North American Black with African Black and North American Caucasoid Populations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About