A Reevaluation of Tree Model, Inflorescence Morphology, and Sex Ratio in Lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.)

Robbertse, Hannes; Fivaz, J.; Menzel, Chris

doi:10.21273/jashs.120.6.914

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Plant-scale PPC estimation using near-infrared (NIR) brightness from multi-spectral UAS imagery has proved to be an accurate approach for lychee trees [7]. As the canopy structure of lychee trees is considered to be 'rhythmic' [31], little is known about whether such plant-scale PPC estimation techniques are feasible for other tree crops such as avocado trees, as the architecture of avocado trees is significantly different to lychee trees [32]. Although Salgadoe, et al [33] suggested that photo-derived PPC is also a good indicator of avocado tree condition, the difference of canopy density is not significant to differentiate trees between moderate and poor condition [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Canopy Structure and Condition Using Multi-Spectral UAS Imagery in a Horticultural Environment

Johansen

Phinn

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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Tree condition, pruning and orchard management practices within intensive horticultural tree crop systems can be determined via measurements of tree structure. Multi-spectral imagery acquired from an unmanned aerial system (UAS) has been demonstrated as an accurate and efficient platform for measuring various tree structural attributes, but research in complex horticultural environments has been limited. This research established a methodology for accurately estimating tree crown height, extent, plant projective cover (PPC) and condition of avocado tree crops, from a UAS platform. Individual tree crowns were delineated using object-based image analysis. In comparison to field measured canopy heights, an image-derived canopy height model provided a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.65 and relative root mean squared error of 6%. Tree crown length perpendicular to the hedgerow was accurately mapped. PPC was measured using spectral and textural image information and produced an R2 value of 0.62 against field data. A random forest classifier was applied to assign tree condition into four categories in accordance with industry standards, producing out-of-bag accuracies >96%. Our results demonstrate the potential of UAS-based mapping for the provision of information to support the horticulture industry and facilitate orchard-based assessment and management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Canopy Structure and Condition Using Multi-Spectral UAS Imagery in a Horticultural Environment

Johansen

Phinn

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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“…In some cases, compound dichasia at the base of monopodial axes develop quaternary fl owers. It has been shown that the litchi infl orescence is composed of compound dichasia with quaternary fl owers in highly branched infl orescences (Robbertse et al, 1995). Robbertse et al (1995) also reported that the litchi infl orescence is pleiothyrsoid (i.e., a pleiothyrse that forms a terminal fl ower).…”

Section: Inflorescence Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that the litchi infl orescence is composed of compound dichasia with quaternary fl owers in highly branched infl orescences (Robbertse et al, 1995). Robbertse et al (1995) also reported that the litchi infl orescence is pleiothyrsoid (i.e., a pleiothyrse that forms a terminal fl ower). On the contrary, the apical meristems of monopodial axes of the longan infl orescence reduce in size with time, whether the axes are main or lateral, and fi nally abscise without the formation of the terminal fl ower (Fig.…”

Section: Inflorescence Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3I). In addition, the longan infl orescence shows a different phyllotaxis from the litchi infl orescence [i.e., alternate phyllotaxis at divergence angle of 2/5 in longan, but decussate phyllotaxis in litchi (Robbertse et al, 1995)].…”

Section: Inflorescence Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn. ), which belongs to the Sapindaceae, the structure of the infl orescence conforms to pleiothyrsoid composed of dichasia (Robbertse et al, 1995). As for the formation of the infl orescence in longan, Qiu et al (2001) reported that it can be distinguished when bract primordia become visible on the lateral axes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Morphological Study of the Structure and Development of Longan Inflorescence

Nakata¹,

Sugiyama²,

Pankasemsuk³

2005

jashs

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The structure and developmental patterns of inflorescence of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) were studied microscopically and by the naked eye. In inflorescence of longan, compound dichasia are arranged on three to four orders of monopodial axes without the formation of terminal flowers, indicating that longan inflorescence is pleiothyrse; cymose partial inflorescences are arranged on more than two monopodial axes. Most of the monopodial axes had differentiated by the end of November just before the cool season. The first sign of inflorescence formation was the appearance of bract primordia at apical meristems of the preformed monopodial axes, with lateral axes preceding the main axes. Dichasia were formed in the axils of bract primordia, and the formation of bracts and dichasia continued. Bract appearance can be detected by the naked eye 1 week after microscopically detected bract appearance. Shoots with intermediate characteristics between the inflorescence and the vegetative shoots were formed; dichasia were formed on the lateral axes, but not on the main axes in intermediate shoots. These results suggest that apical meristems on the terminal shoot produce monopodial axes, together with foliage leaf primordia, before floral induction, but produce bract primordia and compound dichasia, which are composed of sympodial axes, after floral induction.

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The Reproductive Biology of the Lychee

Stern¹,

Gazit²

2002

Horticultural Reviews

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A Reevaluation of Tree Model, Inflorescence Morphology, and Sex Ratio in Lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.)

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Measuring Canopy Structure and Condition Using Multi-Spectral UAS Imagery in a Horticultural Environment

Measuring Canopy Structure and Condition Using Multi-Spectral UAS Imagery in a Horticultural Environment

Morphological Study of the Structure and Development of Longan Inflorescence

The Reproductive Biology of the Lychee

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