A reference consensus genetic map for molecular markers and economically important traits in faba bean (Vicia fabaL.)

Abstract

BackgroundFaba bean (Vicia faba L.) is among the earliest domesticated crops from the Near East. Today this legume is a key protein feed and food worldwide and continues to serve an important role in culinary traditions throughout Middle East, Mediterranean region, China and Ethiopia. Adapted to a wide range of soil types, the main faba bean breeding objectives are to improve yield, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, seed quality and other agronomic traits. Genomic approaches aimed at enhancing faba bean breeding programs require high-quality genetic linkage maps to facilitate quantitative trait locus analysis and gene tagging for use in a marker-assisted selection. The objective of this study was to construct a reference consensus map in faba bean by joining the information from the most relevant maps reported so far in this crop.ResultsA combination of two approaches, increasing the number of anchor loci in diverse mapping populations and joining the corresponding genetic maps, was used to develop a reference consensus map in faba bean. The map was constructed from three main recombinant inbreed populations derived from four parental lines, incorporates 729 markers and is based on 69 common loci. It spans 4,602 cM with a range from 323 to 1041 loci in six main linkage groups or chromosomes, and an average marker density of one locus every 6 cM. Locus order is generally well maintained between the consensus map and the individual maps.ConclusionWe have constructed a reliable and fairly dense consensus genetic linkage map that will serve as a basis for genomic approaches in faba bean research and breeding. The core map contains a larger number of markers than any previous individual map, covers existing gaps and achieves a wider coverage of the large faba bean genome as a whole. This tool can be used as a reference resource for studies in different genetic backgrounds, and provides a framework for transferring genetic information when using different marker technologies. Combined with syntenic approaches, the consensus map will increase marker density in selected genomic regions and will be useful for future faba bean molecular breeding applications.

Use of synteny to identify candidate genes underlying QTL controlling stomatal traits in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

“…This result was confirmed by the strong synteny between M. truncatula chromosomes III and IV and faba bean chromosome II(Webb et al in preparation).Chromosome IIIThe cgP137F, GLP, "LG038" and REP markers spreading along LG3 have been previously assigned to faba bean chromosome III(Cruz-Izquierdo et al 2012;Satovic et al 2013), and much of M. truncatula chromosome I has been shown to be syntenic with this faba bean chromosome. However, the BGAL marker at the end of this linkage group was previously placed on faba bean chromosome I(Cruz-Izquierdo et al 2012;Satovic et al 2013). Chromosome IVThe chromosome tentatively indicated as "I.B"(Cruz- Izquierdo et al 2012) was recently assigned to chromosome IV(Ruiz-Rodriguez et al 2014).…”

“…The presence of the AnMtL8 ( (Satovic et al 2013), confirms that LG6 can be assigned to this chromosome. Green seed coat colour was also mapped to this chromosome.…”

“…The linkage groups were assigned to their respective chromosomes using markers that had been placed on identified chromosomes (Cruz-Izquierdo et al 2012) and following the current consensus faba bean genetic map (Satovic et al 2013). The assignments made here are consistent with those possible using the higher syntenic resolution possible using a 768-locus consensus genetic map (Webb et al in preparation).…”

QTL detection for flowering time in faba bean and the responses to ambient temperature and photoperiod

“…Cruz-Izquierdo et al (2012) detected five QTLs for days to flower in a Vf6 × Vf27 RIL population. Two QTLs were located on chromosome I.B (refined to being chromosome IV by Satovic et al (2013)) and one on each of chromosomes I.A (refined to chromosome I (Satovic et al 2013)), III and V. These QTLs were all detected in field studies in 2007, but only the QTLs on chromosomes V and I were detected again in 2008. Sallam et al (2016) detected nine QTLs for days to flower in the Göttingen Winter Bean Population (GWBP) grown in the field in one season .…”

“…Recently, high density linkage maps for faba bean have been developed and linked markers have been identified for a number of traits (Torres et al 2010;Cruz-Izquierdo et al 2012;Satovic et al 2013;Kaur et al 2014;Sallam et al 2016), but only two studies have detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for flowering time in faba bean. Cruz-Izquierdo et al (2012) detected five QTLs for days to flower in a Vf6 × Vf27 RIL population.…”