A Reflection on Cultural Conflicts in Women's Leisure

Physical Activity of Remote Indigenous Australian Women: A Postcolonial Analysis of Lifestyle

“…Within the literature however, there is increasing recognition that choice is strongly gendered. Some of the constraints around leisure time physical activity that women have to negotiate include having less time for personal physical activity, perceiving less support and entitlement for leisure activity, as well as issues around cultural conflict (Scraton, 1994;Tsai, 2010;White, 2004). For example, Tongan and Fijian females engage in less physical activity than do males, given the women's responsibilities for household chores based upon social structures, rank, and status (Mavoa & McCabe, 2008).…”

Leisure from International Voices: Foreign Labors’ Leisure Opportunities in Taiwan

“…Mainstream values of Taiwanese society deem that it is not easy for women to be influential in the group, unless they perform better in the group, provide more positive suggestions, and do not blindly succumb to men in the organization (Tsai, 2014 With patriarchal influence, not to mention the vast majority of resources and development being focussed on men, women's leisure is thus oppressed. Double standards give women greater pressure, leading to their reluctance to leave home to go to public areas for leisure activities (Tsai, 2010b). Whether women have money or not, they are all expected to look after children by themselves.…”

“…Masculinities, expressed through masculine discourses, are identified as socially constructed, privileged ways of thinking that dominate society and are often associated with men but may also be associated with women (Whiteside & Hardin, 2011). In contrast, femininities, expressed through feminine discourses, are socially-constructed ways of thinking, featuring behaviours that are socially understood to be subordinate and are often, but not exclusively, expressed by women (Tsai, 2010b). Moreover, socialcontexts can underlie intercultural conflicts.…”

Kadinlarin Rekreasyonel Faali̇yetlere Katiliminda Moti̇vasyon Ve Engelleri̇ İle İlgi̇li̇ Durum Tespi̇ti̇; Mani̇sa İli̇ Örneği̇

“…Batı kültürlerinde serbest zaman kavramı çoğu kez kadınların dışarıda tutulduğu, "ücretli iş ve eğlence" çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Kısaca, geleneksel serbest zaman çalışmalarının odağını maskülen bir olgu oluştururken, üçüncü boyut olan toplumsal cinsiyet düşünülmemiştir [7][8][9].…”