A refractory case of subacute bacterial endocarditis due to veillonella gazogenes clinically arrested by a combination of penicillin, sodium paraaminohippurate, and heparin

Loewe, Leo; Rosenblatt, Philip; Alture-Werber, Erna

doi:10.1016/0002-8703(46)90793-4

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Currently, the genus Veillonella is subdivided into 13 species: V. atypica, V. caviae, V. criceti, V. denticariosi, V. dispar, V. magna, V. montpellierensis, V. parvula, V. ratti, V. rodentium, V. rogosae, V. seminalis, and V. tobetsuensis (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). These Veillonella species have been isolated from lesions associated with endocarditis (18)(19)(20)(21), hepatic abscesses (22), meningitis (23), osteomyelitis (24), acute pyelonephritis, secondary bacteremia during pregnancy (25), opportunistic infections (26)(27)(28), and prosthetic joint infection (29). Additionally, these bacteria, like other anaerobes, are susceptible to various antimicrobials; however, several of these species are resistant to tetracycline.…”

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confidence: 99%

Interaction between Streptococcus spp. and Veillonella tobetsuensis in the Early Stages of Oral Biofilm Formation

Mashima¹,

Nakazawa²

2015

J. Bacteriol.

111

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Dental plaque is a multispecies oral biofilm, the development of which is initiated by adherence of the pioneer Streptococcus spp. Oral Veillonella spp., including V. atypica, V. denticariosi, V. dispar, V. parvula, V. rogosae, and V. tobetsuensis, are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. These species have been reported to coaggregate with Streptococcus spp. in a metabolic cooperation-dependent manner to form biofilms in human oral cavities, especially in the early stages of biofilm formation. However, in our previous study, Streptococcus gordonii showed biofilm formation to the greatest extent in the presence of V. tobetsuensis, without coaggregation between species. These results suggest that V. tobetsuensis produces signaling molecules that promote the proliferation of S. gordonii in biofilm formation. It is well known in many bacterial species that the quorum-sensing (QS) system regulates diverse functions such as biofilm formation. However, little is known about the QS system with autoinducers (AIs) with respect to Veillonella and Streptococcus spp. Recently, autoinducer 1 (AI-1) and AI-2 were detected and identified in the culture supernatants of V. tobetsuensis as strong signaling molecules in biofilm formation with S. gordonii. In particular, the supernatant from V. tobetsuensis showed the highest AI-2 activity among 6 oral Veillonella species, indicating that AIs, mainly AI-2, produced by V. tobetsuensis may be important factors and may facilitate biofilm formation of S. gordonii. Clarifying the mechanism that underlies the QS system between S. gordonii and V. tobetsuensis may lead to the development of novel methods for the prevention of oral infectious diseases caused by oral biofilms. Bacteria exist as multispecies communities in nature, and signaling among the cells is thought to be a part of the community dynamics. A biofilm is a community of bacteria attached to a substratum or surface. The bacteria in biofilms are embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix produced by the bacteria themselves. Bacteria develop biofilms on submerged surfaces such as natural aquatic systems, water pipes, living tissues, tooth surfaces, indwelling medical devices, and implants (1). When bacteria succeed in forming a biofilm within a human host, they become highly resistant to antimicrobial treatment (2). Human dental plaque is a well-recognized example of a natural biofilm that plays an important role in the development and pathogenesis of oral diseases such as caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis (3).The human oral cavity contains more than 19,000 phylotypes of microbial species (4), and approximately 100 to 200 species are found in a single individual (5). Dental plaque is a multispecies biofilm, the development of which is initiated by the adherence of pioneer species to the salivary proteins and glycoproteins adsorbed on tooth enamel. The biofilm is not formed by random simultaneous colonization by these species but rather by selective, reproducible, sequential colonization (6, 7).ThegenusVei...

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confidence: 99%

Interaction between Streptococcus spp. and Veillonella tobetsuensis in the Early Stages of Oral Biofilm Formation

Mashima¹,

Nakazawa²

2015

J. Bacteriol.

111

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“…Interestingly, blood cultures were positive in only 3 of the 8 reported cases [4–6]. In 2 cases the diagnosis was made with growth of the bacteria from valve tissue [7, 8] and in one case the organism was identified with 16sRNA analysis [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that retained susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanate [14]. Among the 8 reported cases of endocarditis, susceptibility data are available in only 3 of the isolates [4, 6, 7]. Reduced penicillin susceptibility was reported in 2 of those [6, 7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native Valve Endocarditis due toVeillonellaSpecies: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Saladi

Zeana

Singh

2017

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases

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Veillonella species are fastidious bacteria that have been isolated from skin, dental, and respiratory tract infections and rarely have been implicated in serious infections like meningitis, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. A 76-year-old woman presented to our hospital with fever, vomiting, and generalized weakness for 3 days. A transthoracic echocardiogram showed a mobile structure on anterior mitral valve leaflet measuring 0.9 cm suggestive of vegetation. Empiric therapy with vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam was started with clinical resolution of her symptoms. On day 6, the blood culture drawn at admission grew Veillonella species. A transesophageal echocardiogram confirmed a 1.2 × 0.4 cm echo dense structure attached to the left ventricular side of the anterior mitral leaflet. The patient was discharged home after 10 days of inpatient antibiotic therapy and completed 4 weeks of IV ceftriaxone at home without any adverse events. She was reevaluated in the clinic after completion of treatment and repeat blood cultures remained negative. We report the first case of successful treatment of endocarditis due to Veillonella species with once daily ceftriaxone.

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“…Characteristics of the 7 Veillonella endocarditis patients are summarized in the Table. Five of them fulfilled the Duke modified criteria for definite endocardi-tis; the 2 others were possible endocarditis. All previously reported cases of Veillonella endocarditis were due to either V. dispar (9,10), V. parvula (11), or V. alcalescens (6)(7)(8), currently considered V. parvula (12). One patient had no history of fever (7), and 1 patient had no preexisting valvular disease (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Veillonella montpellierensisEndocarditis

Rovery

Etienne

Foucault

et al. 2005

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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A refractory case of subacute bacterial endocarditis due to veillonella gazogenes clinically arrested by a combination of penicillin, sodium paraaminohippurate, and heparin

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Interaction between Streptococcus spp. and Veillonella tobetsuensis in the Early Stages of Oral Biofilm Formation

Interaction between Streptococcus spp. and Veillonella tobetsuensis in the Early Stages of Oral Biofilm Formation

Native Valve Endocarditis due toVeillonellaSpecies: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Veillonella montpellierensisEndocarditis

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