A regulatory perspective on the potential carcinogenicity of glyphosate

Ibrahim, Yehia A.

doi:10.7243/2056-3779-2-1

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Scientists suggested that the herbicides can interfere directly and indirectly on other target sites on these organisms that due to disrupt effect on their physiological, genetic, and biochemical systems which lead to abnormal growth and death at the end (Lanctot et al, 2013;Lanctot et al, 2014;Mohamed et al, 2016;Saba et al, 2018). In this regards, glyphosate had been indicated as an inhibitor to the cytochrome P450 family enzymes and other enzymes that play an essential role through their disruption of the thyroid hormones pathway in the growth and development of animals (Lanctot et al, 2013;Kruger et al, 2014;Ibrahim, 2015;Ibrahim, 2016a,b). Further, herbicide formulations contained some chemical additives such as surfactants that considered highly toxic on different aquatic animals and insects (Tu et al, 2001;Mohamed et al, 2016;Saba et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is very important to formulate various strategies to avoid, the development of resistance among major pest insects to pesticides, and the side effects on the environment. On the other side, glyphosate and its mimics inhibit the specific enzyme, 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), which prohibit the biosynthesizing of three aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, tryptophane, and phenylalanine) which are vital for the processing of plant growth (Ibrahim, 2015;Ibrahim, 2016a;Ibrahim, 2016b). However, negatively toxicological impacts of certain herbicides such as glyphosate, certain ALS-, and ACCase-inhibitors have been confirmed on different insects aquatic animals and these herbicides can affect the survival, ecology, behavior, physiology, reproductive, fecundity, and development of these organisms (Mona et al, 2013;Mohamed et al, 2016;Jaramillo et al, 2017;Kittle et al, 2018;Saba et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic action of glyphosate on novel pesticides against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes under laboratory conditions

2018

Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci.

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The recognition of how glyphosate affect mosquito ecology and behavior is limited. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the toxicity of six selected pesticides plus combination with glyphosate on 4 th instar larvae of Culex pipiens after 24, 48, and 72-h exposure. As a result, Sulfoxaflor + spinetoram and abamectin were the most toxic pesticides (LC50 was 0.084 and 0.088 ng/ml after 24-h exposure, respectively). After 48-h exposure, emamectin benzoate was the most powerful pesticide (LC50 was 0.0036 ng/ml), while sulfoxaflor + spinetoram, abamectin, and spinosad were the modest pesticides. Further, imidacloprid was the lowest toxic pesticide (LC50 was 5.57 ng/ml). However, similar trend was achieved after 72-h exposure. In combination with glyphosate, it significantly synergized the selected pesticides except spinosad and emamectin benzoate after 24-h exposure. After 48 and 72-h exposure, glyphosate synergized significantly most of the selected pesticides except spinosad (LC50 was 0.052 and 0.01 while synergistic ratio (SR) was 0.38 and 0.30 after 48 and 72-h exposure, respectively). Based on the LT50 values, emamectin benzoate and abamectin demonstrated high efficiency against Culex pipiens (42.60 and 43.61 hours), and imidacloprid was the least effective (232.08 hours). Whereby, in the combination with glyphosate, sulfoxaflor + spinetoram and emamectin benzoate revealed the high potency against Culex pipiens (39.16 and 43.77 hours), and imidacloprid remain with the same trend of efficacy as lowest effective selected pesticide towards Culex pipiens (563.30 hours). Further biochemical and molecular biological experiments needs to be done for better understanding of the mechanism of glyphosate on Culex pipiens mosquito.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic action of glyphosate on novel pesticides against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes under laboratory conditions

2018

Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci.

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“…The carcinogenicity of glyphosate has been reviewed by several national and international agencies (Ibrahim 2015 ). The outcome of the EU assessment, the differences with the IARC evaluation (IARC 2015 ), and the authors’ views explaining these differences, are summarised below.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate toxicity and carcinogenicity: a review of the scientific basis of the European Union assessment and its differences with IARC

et al. 2017

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Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide. It is a broad spectrum herbicide and its agricultural uses increased considerably after the development of glyphosate-resistant genetically modified (GM) varieties. Since glyphosate was introduced in 1974, all regulatory assessments have established that glyphosate has low hazard potential to mammals, however, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded in March 2015 that it is probably carcinogenic. The IARC conclusion was not confirmed by the EU assessment or the recent joint WHO/FAO evaluation, both using additional evidence. Glyphosate is not the first topic of disagreement between IARC and regulatory evaluations, but has received greater attention. This review presents the scientific basis of the glyphosate health assessment conducted within the European Union (EU) renewal process, and explains the differences in the carcinogenicity assessment with IARC. Use of different data sets, particularly on long-term toxicity/carcinogenicity in rodents, could partially explain the divergent views; but methodological differences in the evaluation of the available evidence have been identified. The EU assessment did not identify a carcinogenicity hazard, revised the toxicological profile proposing new toxicological reference values, and conducted a risk assessment for some representatives uses. Two complementary exposure assessments, human-biomonitoring and food-residues-monitoring, suggests that actual exposure levels are below these reference values and do not represent a public concern.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00204-017-1962-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The carcinogenicity of glyphosate has been reviewed by several national and international agencies (Ibrahim 2015). Rats and dogs and mice fed glyphosate over a wide range of doses showed no cancer related effects directly due to the compound (Forest Service, 1984).…”

Section: Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Glyphosate Really Hazardous for Human Health?

Patočka¹

2018

MMSL

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Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] is one the world's most widely used agricultural herbicide. It allows farmers to spray a planted field, generally before the crops have sprouted, killing weeds but not the crops that will grow there. GMO critics claim glyphosate is linked to autism, cancer, gluten allergies, 'leaky gut' syndrome and other disorders. Concerns about glyphosate's possible health impacts increased in 2015 after the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a research arm of the World Health Organization, classified glyphosate as "probably carcinogenic". The ecological risk assessment indicates that there is potential for effects on birds, mammals, and terrestrial and aquatic animals. A joint panel from the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations issued an summary evaluation of glyphosate in May 2016, concluding it poses no cancer risks as encountered in food and does not impact our genes. Although the European Food Safety Authority declared the evidence on glyphosate's carcinogenicity for humans to be "very limited", there is still some doubt as to whether all the studies have been made "lege artis" or whether they have not even been falsified.

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A regulatory perspective on the potential carcinogenicity of glyphosate

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Synergistic action of glyphosate on novel pesticides against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes under laboratory conditions

Synergistic action of glyphosate on novel pesticides against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes under laboratory conditions

Glyphosate toxicity and carcinogenicity: a review of the scientific basis of the European Union assessment and its differences with IARC

Is Glyphosate Really Hazardous for Human Health?

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