A Reinterpretation of Parental Monitoring in Longitudinal Perspective

Kerr, Margaret; Stattin, Håkan; Burk, William J.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2009.00623.x

Cited by 525 publications

(683 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A longitudinal Dutch study found a reciprocal relationship between parental solicitation for information and adolescents' disclosure, whereby both constructs positively predicted each other over time (Keijsers et al 2010). However, the study by Kerr et al (2010) did not find a causal relationship between parental monitoring and youth disclosure.…”

Section: Parental Knowledge Of Children's Offline Behaviormentioning

confidence: 80%

“…There is no consensus, however, about the relative importance of these respective knowledge-generating activities. A longitudinal study found that child disclosure predicts parental knowledge about daily activities and whereabouts while active parental monitoring efforts did not (Kerr et al 2010). Another longitudinal study found that child disclosure and active parental monitoring both constitute parental knowledge (Lippold et al 2014a).…”

Section: Parental Knowledge Of Children's Offline Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental Knowledge of Adolescents’ Online Content and Contact Risks

Symons

Ponnet

Emmery³

et al. 2016

J Youth Adolescence

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Parental knowledge about adolescents' activities is an identified protective factor in terms of adolescent adjustment. While research on parental knowledge has focused on adolescents' offline behavior, there is little empirical understanding of parental knowledge about adolescents' online behavior. This study investigates parental knowledge about adolescents' online activities and experiences with online risks, as well as the correlates of such knowledge. Building on former research, open communication and knowledge-generating monitoring practices are investigated as potential correlates of parental knowledge. Use is made of triadic data, relying on reports from children aged 13 to 18, mothers and fathers within the same family (N = 357 families; 54.9 % female adolescents). The results showed that parents have little knowledge about the occurrence of online risks and their children's online activities. While mothers did not have more accurate knowledge compared to fathers, they did perceive themselves to be more knowledgeable than fathers. Associations between parental knowledge and hypothesized correlates were tested by means of one-way ANOVA tests and stepwise logistic regression models. Limited evidence was found for associations with parents' accurate knowledge about the occurrence of online risks. Engagement in knowledge-generating monitoring practices was linked to mothers and fathers' self-perceived knowledge about their children's online activities. For mothers, open communication with the child was linked to self-perceived knowledge. The findings suggest that parents need to be more aware of the possibility that online risks might occur and that more research needs to be done in order to understand what parents can do to improve their accurate knowledge.

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Section: Parental Knowledge Of Children's Offline Behaviormentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Parental Knowledge Of Children's Offline Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Knowledge of Adolescents’ Online Content and Contact Risks

Symons

Ponnet

Emmery³

et al. 2016

J Youth Adolescence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recent longitudinal research provides evidence of an effect in this direction. Specifically, some (e.g., Keijsers, Branje, Frijns, Finkenauer, & Meeus, 2010;Willoughby & Hamza, 2010), but not all (Kerr, Stattin, & Burk, 2010) studies have found that parents' solicitation predicts more subsequent disclosure by adolescents. Additionally, shared family activities and parental active involvement in adolescent activities also have been found to precede more subsequent disclosure (Willoughby & Hamza, 2010).…”

Section: Bidirectional Links Between Parental Monitoring and Adolescementioning

confidence: 99%

Mother–adolescent monitoring dynamics and the legitimacy of parental authority

Keijsers

Laird

2014

Journal of Adolescence

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This multi‐informant longitudinal study aimed to understand whether the family dynamics that underlie adolescent voluntary disclosure regarding their leisure time behavior differs when adolescents strongly or weakly endorse the legitimacy of parental authority. Longitudinal linkages between parental monitoring behaviors and adolescents' secrecy and disclosure were tested among youths with strong and weak legitimacy beliefs. The sample included 197 adolescents (51% female, M age 12 years) and their mothers. Mothers reported on several of their own monitoring efforts (i.e., solicitation, active involvement, observing and listening, and obtaining information from spouses, siblings, and others). Adolescents reported their disclosure, secrecy, and legitimacy beliefs. Only among youths reporting strong legitimacy beliefs, more mother engagement and supervision (indexed by mother‐reported active involvement and observing and listening) predicted more adolescent disclosure and less secrecy over time, and more mother solicitation predicted less secrecy.

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“…This measure covers mother-adolescent agreement in the domains of school and leisure activities. Using this measure in longitudinal research revealed a decrease in children's disclosure over a two years period, most likely because adolescents are granted more freedom and autonomy from parents (Kerr et al 2010). In sum, parental knowledge is mainly gained from their offspring's disclosure, but it remains unclear whether mothers and adolescents would agree on the amount of information adolescents disclose to their parents.…”

Section: Mother-adolescent Agreement On Child Disclosurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For many decades, researchers assumed that parental knowledge was based on parents' controlling their children and thus the term "monitoring" was used to describe parental knowledge. Recent evidence suggests, however, that parents in fact acquire their knowledge through their children's voluntary disclosure Kerr et al 2010). High levels of children's disclosure represent a form of parent-child communication characterized by children voluntarily sharing information with their parents, and is assumed to be the result of adolescents' "trust in their parents -whether they feel that their parents are willing to listen to them, are responsive, and would not ridicule or punish if they confided in them" Kerr 2000, p. 1083).…”

Section: Mother-adolescent Agreement On Child Disclosurementioning

confidence: 99%

Two Sides of a Story: Mothers’ and Adolescents’ Agreement on Child Disclosure in Immigrant and Native Families

Titzmann

Gniewosz²,

Michel

2013

J Youth Adolescence

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Research on immigrant families often has suggested that the process of immigration can lead to a distancing of adolescents and their parents. This study examined the actual agreement of immigrant and native mother-adolescent dyads in their reports on children's disclosure as an indicator for a trusting mother-child relationship. The research questions related to group-level differences (immigrant vs. native dyads) in mother-adolescent agreement, the prediction of interdyadic differences in mother-adolescent agreement, and the associations between mother-adolescent agreement and both family conflicts and adolescents' depressive symptoms. The sample was comprised of mother-adolescent dyads: 197 native German dyads (adolescents: mean age 14.7 years, 53 % female) and 185 immigrant dyads from the former Soviet Union (adolescents: mean age 15.7 years, 60 % female). Agreement was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. The results revealed that mother-adolescent agreement was lower in immigrant dyads than in native dyads. In both samples, higher levels of adolescent autonomy predicted lower mother-adolescent agreement. Among immigrants, language brokering was an additional predictor of lower levels of mother-adolescent agreement. The interaction of language brokering and autonomy also turned out to be significant, indicating that if an adolescent was high in language brokering or autonomy, the effect of the other variable was negligible. In both groups, mother-adolescent agreement was negatively related to family conflicts. The study shows that processes in immigrant and native families are rather similar, but that in immigrant families some additional acculturation-related factors have to be considered for a full understanding of family dynamics. Research on immigrant families often has suggested that the process of immigration can lead to a distancing of adolescents and their parents. This study examined the actual agreement of immigrant and native motheradolescent dyads in their reports on children's disclosure as an indicator for a trusting mother-child relationship.The research questions related to group-level differences (immigrant vs. native dyads) in mother-adolescent agreement, the prediction of interdyadic differences in mother-adolescent agreement, and the associations between mother-adolescent agreement and both family conflicts and adolescents' depressive symptoms. The sample was comprised of mother-adolescent dyads: 197 native German dyads (adolescents: mean age 14.7 years, 53% female) and 185 immigrant dyads from the former Soviet Union (adolescents: mean age 15.7 years, 60% female). Agreement was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The results revealed that mother-adolescent agreement was lower in immigrant dyads than in native dyads. In both samples, higher levels of autonomy predicted lower mother-adolescent agreement. Among immigrants, language brokering was an additional predictor of lower levels of mother-adolescent agreement. The interaction of lan...

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A Reinterpretation of Parental Monitoring in Longitudinal Perspective

Cited by 525 publications

References 41 publications

Parental Knowledge of Adolescents’ Online Content and Contact Risks

Parental Knowledge of Adolescents’ Online Content and Contact Risks

Mother–adolescent monitoring dynamics and the legitimacy of parental authority

Two Sides of a Story: Mothers’ and Adolescents’ Agreement on Child Disclosure in Immigrant and Native Families

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