A Relationship Between Mortality and Eating Breakfast and Fiber

King, Dana E.; Xiang, Jun

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2021.04.210044

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…The observed meal skipping prevalence of 19.5% is consistent with similar research in Korean older adults, which noted that 20.9% of participants indicated some level of meal skipping ( 5 ). It is also similar to recent statistics on breakfast skipping in adults, whereby King et al ( 19 ) reported that 17.1% of adults skipped breakfast. However, it differs from the prevalence observed in children (10%) ( 7 ), adolescents (29.9%) ( 20 ) and younger adults (10%) ( 21 ) highlighting the need for age specific research on important dietary behaviours, such as meal skipping.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlates of Meal Skipping in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Wild

Gasevic

Woods

et al. 2023

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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In this cross-sectional analysis of 10,071 community dwelling adults aged ≥70 years, we examined factors associated with meal skipping (self-reported) using multivariable logistic regression. Prevalence of meal skipping in this study was 19.5%. The adjusted odds (aOR [95%CI]) of meal skipping were lower in those 85+ years (vs. 70–74.9 years, 0.56 [0.45–0.70]), and in those in regional areas (vs. urban area, 0.81 [0.72–0.92]). Higher odds of meal skipping were observed for those living alone (vs. living with someone, 1.84 [1.64–2.05]), current smokers (vs. non-smokers, 2.07 [1.54–2.80]), consumers of high amounts of alcohol (vs. abstainers 1.93 [1.35–2.75]), those with poor oral health (vs. excellent oral health, 1.71 [1.07–2.73]) diabetes (vs. not 1.26 [1.06–1.50]), or frailty (vs. not, 1.63 [1.09–2.43]). This study identified socio-demographic, social, behavioural and biomedical correlates of meal skipping in later life, which may assist in targeting interventions to address meal skipping.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlates of Meal Skipping in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Wild

Gasevic

Woods

et al. 2023

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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“…A cohort study from the NHANES (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002) showed a significant association between eating breakfast and lower all-cause and CVD mortality rates and the significant role of fiber intake; there was no association between fiber and mortality rates in non-breakfast eaters. In addition, this study also showed that breakfast eaters with high daily total fiber intake had lower all-cause mortality risks compared to their counterparts with low fiber intake, but this association was not significant for CVD mortality risk [35]. This indicates that breakfast-eating status has an important role in the association between fiber intake and mortality risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The Association of Dietary Fiber Intake in Three Meals with All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality among Adults: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2014

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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The timing of food intake can significantly alter the body’s metabolism of nutrient intake and affect the occurrence of chronic diseases. However, whether and how the intake time of dietary fiber could influence mortality risks is largely unknown. This study aims to reveal the association between total dietary fiber intake and fiber intake at different times with all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates. A total of 31,164 adults who enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003 to 2014 are included in this study. Dietary fiber intake was measured using 2-day, 24 h dietary recall. The main exposures in this study were the intake of dietary fiber at breakfast, lunch, and dinner via regression analysis of the residual method. The main outcomes were the all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality rates. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the survival relationship between dietary fiber intake at different times and mortality rates. Among the 31,164 adults, 2915 deaths, including 631 deaths due to cancer and 836 deaths due to CVD, were documented. Firstly, after adjusting for potential confounders, compared to the participants in the lowest quintile of total dietary fiber intake, the participants in the highest quintile of fiber intake had lower all-cause (HR = 0.686, 95% CI: 0.589–0.799, p for trend <0.001) and cancer (HR = 0.606, 95% CI: 0.446–0.824, p for trend = 0.015) mortality risks. Secondly, compared to the participants in the lowest quintile of dietary fiber intake at dinner, the participants in the highest quintile of fiber intake had lower all-cause (HR = 0.796, 95% CI: 0.668–0.949, p for trend = 0.009) and cancer (HR = 0.564, 95% CI: 0.388–0.822, p for trend = 0.005) mortality risks. Furthermore, equivalently replacing each standard deviation of dietary fiber consumed at breakfast with that at dinner was associated with lower cancer mortality risks (HR = 0.846, 95% CI: 0.747–0.958). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that, in the NHANES (2003–2014) cohort, to reduce all-cause and cancer mortality risks, the optimal dietary fiber intake time is in the evening.

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“…The European Food Safety Authority and the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition recommend a daily fiber intake of 25 g/day and 30 g/day for adults, respectively [ 22 ]. The American Heart Association recommends a dietary fiber intake of at least 25 g/day for adults [ 23 ]. In this study, we divided the participants into two groups based on the fiber intake value of 25 g/day: low-level group (≤25 g/day) and high-level group (>25 g/day).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fiber intake and cognitive impairment in older patients with chronic kidney disease in the United States: A cross-sectional study

Li,

Chen,

Mao

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background High-fiber diet has been associated with better cognitive performance. However, the association between dietary fiber intake and cognition in older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary fiber intake on cognition in older patients with CKD. Methods This study included participants aged ≥60 years who provided data on social demography, cognitive tests (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease Word Learning [CERAD-WL], CERAD Delayed Recall [CERAD-DR], Animal Fluency Test [AFT], and Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]), diet, and other potential cognition-related variables from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014. Fully-adjusted multivariate logistic regression subgroup models were performed, and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and cognition in patients with CKD. Results A total of 2461 older adults were included, with 32% who suffered from CKD. Participants with CKD scored lower in CERAD-WL, CERAD-DR, AFT, and DSST. Patients with CKD consuming low dietary fiber (≤25 g/day) had a higher risk of CERAD-WL and DSST impairments. High dietary fiber intake eliminated the differences in CERAD-WL and DSST impairments between the CKD and non-CKD participants. However, no associations were observed between CKD and CERAD-DR and AFT impairments regardless of dietary fiber intake. A positive linear relationship between dietary fiber intake and AFT score was observed in older patients with CKD. Conclusion High dietary fiber intake may benefit cognitive function in older patients with CKD. High-fiber diet management strategies could potentially mitigate cognitive impairment in this group of patients.

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A Relationship Between Mortality and Eating Breakfast and Fiber

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Correlates of Meal Skipping in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Correlates of Meal Skipping in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Association of Dietary Fiber Intake in Three Meals with All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality among Adults: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2014

Dietary fiber intake and cognitive impairment in older patients with chronic kidney disease in the United States: A cross-sectional study

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