A replication and extension of the interpersonal process model of demand/withdraw behavior: Incorporating subjective emotional experience.

Leo, Karena; Crenshaw, Alexander O.; Hogan, Jasara N.; Bourne, Stacia V.; Baucom, Katherine J. W.

doi:10.1037/fam0000802

Cited by 11 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Two independent yet complementary coding systems are used to characterize participants’ communicative behaviors and affective expressions captured during the 15-min couple conversations: (1) the Asymmetric Behavior Coding System ( Leo et al, 2020 ) and (2) the Relational Affective Topography System ( Leo et al, 2020 ). Drawing from the Valence Affective Connection model ( Leo et al, 2019 ), the systems delineate communicative behavior and affect as positive or negative and as promoting togetherness or engagement with the partner vs. individuation or separation from the partner.…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) the Asymmetric Behavior Coding System (Leo et al, 2020) and (2) the Relational Affective Topography System (Leo et al, 2020). Drawing from the Valence Affective Connection model (Leo et al, 2019), the systems delineate communicative behavior and affect as positive or negative and as promoting togetherness or engagement with the partner vs. individuation or separation from the partner.…”

Section: Observational Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Couple Communication in Cancer: Protocol for a Multi-Method Examination

et al. 2022

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Cancer and its treatment pose challenges that affect not only patients but also their significant others, including intimate partners. Accumulating evidence suggests that couples’ ability to communicate effectively plays a major role in the psychological adjustment of both individuals and the quality of their relationship. Two key conceptual models have been proposed to account for how couple communication impacts psychological and relationship adjustment: the social-cognitive processing (SCP) model and the relationship intimacy (RI) model. These models posit different mechanisms and outcomes, and thus have different implications for intervention. The purpose of this project is to test and compare the utility of these models using comprehensive and methodologically rigorous methods. Aims are: (1) to examine the overall fit of the SCP and RI models in explaining patient and partner psychological and relationship adjustment as they occur on a day-to-day basis and over the course of 1 year; (2) to examine the fit of the models for different subgroups (males vs. females, and patients vs. partners); and (3) to examine the utility of various methods of assessing communication by examining the degree to which baseline indices from different measurement strategies predict self-reported adjustment at 1-year follow up. The study employs a longitudinal, multi-method approach to examining communication processes including: standard self-report questionnaires assessing process and outcome variables collected quarterly over the course of 1 year; smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments to sample participant reports in real time; and laboratory-based couple conversations from which we derive observational measures of communicative behavior and affective expression, as well as vocal indices of emotional arousal. Participants are patients with stage II-IV breast, colon, rectal, or lung cancer and their spouses/partners, recruited from two NCI-designated comprehensive cancer centers. Results will be published in scientific journals, presented at scientific conferences, and conveyed to a larger audience through infographics and social media outlets. Findings will inform theory, measurement, and the design and implementation of efficacious interventions aimed at optimizing both patient and partner well-being.

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Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Observational Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Couple Communication in Cancer: Protocol for a Multi-Method Examination

et al. 2022

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“…Observational coding of the video-recorded conversation tasks was conducted after enrollment was completed. In Study 1, two independent teams of research assistants, supervised by the fourth author, were trained to reliability in the Asymmetrical Behavioral Coding System (Leo et al, 2020). For Study 2, two independent teams of research assistants, supervised by the second author, were trained to reliability in the Coding System for Dyadic Coping (Bodenmann, 2000) and the Social Support Interaction Coding System (Bradbury & Pasch, 1992).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using web-based technologies to increase reach, inclusion, and generalizability in behavioral observation research.

Perry¹,

Sullivan²,

Leo³

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Psychology

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Social scientists have long utilized observations of human behavior in research designs. For researchers studying couples, observation of romantic partners has led to important discoveries about how such behavior is associated with physical, mental, and family health. Historically, these methods have been used in in-person laboratory paradigms that place notable limitations on reach and inclusion. This has, in turn, restricted the generalizability of such research to couples who may not attend an in-person laboratory assessment. Transferring the observational laboratory into an online format has the potential to expand the capabilities of these methods to include more diverse couples. This article presents two empirical studies that used online methods to conduct observational behavioral research with sexual and gender minority couples, populations that could be difficult to reach using traditional methods in many places. We demonstrate that we were able to reach, recruit, and enroll diverse couples that more closely resemble the population of same-sex couples in the United States than likely would have been reached in-person. Further, we show that the quality of the observational data collected via the internet allowed for over 94% of collected data to be coded, with acceptable interrater reliabilities and convergent validity. These studies provide a proof-of-concept of online observational methods, accompanied by a tutorial for using such methods. We discuss possible extensions of these online methods, their limitations, and the potential to help further the field of close relationships by reaching more diverse relationships and increasing the generalizability of our research.

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“…Moreover, future studies are needed to examine individual difference variables that might moderate the associations found in this investigation (e.g., support providers' physiology might predict goal progress more strongly when both couple members are high in attachment security). Second, future research is needed to examine whether the coregulatory dynamics (Butler & Randall, 2013;Leo et al, 2021) between support providers' and targets' cardiovascular challenge-threat responses are associated with the goal and thriving outcomes; testing this possibility was beyond the scope of the current investigation. Third, our measure of goal progress (i.e., self-reported progress) was relatively crude.…”

Section: Strengths Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological bases of secure base support provision in a longitudinal study of married older adult couples

Chin

Feeney

2022

Psychophysiology

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Close others often serve as a source of support for our pursuit of personal goals. Although social psychological research indicates that individuals and relationships benefit when couple members provide each other with secure base support for personal goals, few studies have investigated the physiological bases of these types of support interactions. This study of married older adults examined support providers' cardiovascular challenge‐threat responses while they engaged in a laboratory social interaction about the most important goal that their partner (the target) wanted to make progress toward during the next year. Consistent with our hypothesis, support providers' cardiovascular challenge responses were positively associated with targets' ratings of their secure base support provision during the discussion. This study also used structural equation modeling to test a theoretical model of support providers' cardiovascular challenge responses as a physiological basis of secure base support provision that promotes targets' goal progress and thriving over time. Consistent with our theory, support providers' cardiovascular challenge responses were positively associated with targets' goal progress at Year 2 follow‐up. In turn, targets' goal progress at Year 2 predicted increases in targets' overall thriving from Year 1 to Year 3. This investigation provides novel evidence for attachment theory's assertion that biobehavioral caregiving system activation facilitates the provision of secure base support that promotes close others' goal progress and thriving over time. Results of this study also contribute to recent evidence that cardiovascular challenge responses are associated with social behaviors during dyadic interactions.

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A replication and extension of the interpersonal process model of demand/withdraw behavior: Incorporating subjective emotional experience.

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Couple Communication in Cancer: Protocol for a Multi-Method Examination

Couple Communication in Cancer: Protocol for a Multi-Method Examination

Using web-based technologies to increase reach, inclusion, and generalizability in behavioral observation research.

Physiological bases of secure base support provision in a longitudinal study of married older adult couples

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