A Replication-Competent Retroviral Vector Expressing the HERV-W Envelope Glycoprotein is a Potential Tool for Cancer Gene Therapy

Kang, Byoung Kwon; Jung, Yong-Tae

doi:10.4014/jmb.2309.09022

J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

2023

DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09022

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A Replication-Competent Retroviral Vector Expressing the HERV-W Envelope Glycoprotein is a Potential Tool for Cancer Gene Therapy

Byoung Kwon Kang,

Yong-Tae Jung

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2024

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Transcription of Endogenous Retroviruses: Broad and Precise Mechanisms of Control

Jarosz,

Halo

2024

Viruses

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Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are the remnants of retroviral germline infections and are highly abundant in the genomes of vertebrates. At one time considered to be nothing more than inert ‘junk’ within genomes, ERVs have been tolerated within host genomes over vast timescales, and their study continues to reveal complex co-evolutionary histories within their respective host species. For example, multiple instances have been characterized of ERVs having been ‘borrowed’ for normal physiology, from single copies to ones involved in various regulatory networks such as innate immunity and during early development. Within the cell, the accessibility of ERVs is normally tightly controlled by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation or histone modifications. However, these silencing mechanisms of ERVs are reversible, and epigenetic alterations to the chromatin landscape can thus lead to their aberrant expression, as is observed in abnormal cellular environments such as in tumors. In this review, we focus on ERV transcriptional control and draw parallels and distinctions concerning the loss of regulation in disease, as well as their precise regulation in early development.

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Transcription of Endogenous Retroviruses: Broad and Precise Mechanisms of Control

Jarosz,

Halo

2024

Viruses

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A Replication-Competent Retroviral Vector Expressing the HERV-W Envelope Glycoprotein is a Potential Tool for Cancer Gene Therapy

Cited by 1 publication

References 40 publications

Transcription of Endogenous Retroviruses: Broad and Precise Mechanisms of Control

Transcription of Endogenous Retroviruses: Broad and Precise Mechanisms of Control

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