Let k be a field. We describe necessary and sufficient conditions for a k-linear abelian category to be a noncommutative projective line, i.e. a noncommutative P 1 -bundle over a pair of division rings over k. As an application, we prove that P 1 n , Piontkovski's nth noncommutative projective line, is the noncommutative projectivization of an n-dimensional vector space.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 14A22; Secondary 16S38.Proof. As one can check, the element j * h j ⊗ h j maps to the composition of maps in the ith Euler sequence, hence maps to zero.Proof. The fact that the left duals of M are finite dimensional on either side follows immediately from Proposition 5.1. On the other hand, if N = Hom(L i−1 , L i ) then Proposition 5.1 implies that M ∼ = * N . Since N is finite-dimensional on either side by linearity of L, the canonical map N → ( * N ) * is an isomorphism of bimodules, and so M