A retrospective cohort study of how alveolar ridge preservation affects the need of alveolar ridge augmentation at posterior tooth implant sites

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess whether alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) can reduce the need of ridge augmentation at posterior tooth sites. Material and methods This study enrolled patients who received dental implants at posterior tooth sites during 2013–2019. Demographic data and dental treatment histories were collected. Based on healing patterns after tooth extraction, patients were divided into ARP and spontaneous healing (SH) groups. Three surgical treatment plans were devised according to the alveolar bone volume on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The three treatment plans were to perform implant alone, simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) and implantation, and staged GBR before implantation. Statistical analyses were performed to determine relationships. Results There were 92 implant records in the ARP group and 249 implant records in the SH group. A significant intergroup difference was observed regarding the frequency distribution of the treatment modality of staged GBR before implant (χ2 = 15.07, p = 0.0005). Based on the implant alone treatment modality and simple logistic regression, the SH pattern was related to staged GBR before implant (SH vs. ARP: crude odds ratio (OR) = 4.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.15–11.61, p = 0.0003). After adjusting confounding factors, the risk was still significant (adjusted OR = 5.02, 95% CI = 2.26–12.85, p = 0.0002). Conclusions The study results suggested that ARP is more likely to lead to the treatment modality of implant alone and reduce the need for staged GBR before implantation. Clinical relevance This study describes ARP capable of minimizing the need for staged GBR before implantation and shortening the treatment duration.

Ridge preservation in maxillary molar extraction sites with severe periodontitis: a prospective observational clinical trial

“…These study results suggested that ridge preservation reduced the invasiveness and complexity of future implant treatment in the maxillary molar extraction sockets with severe periodontitis. The efficacy of socket grafting in attenuating the necessity of advanced regenerative procedures at implant placement herein is consistent with previous studies [22,35,36]. Cha et al [22] reported that simple implant placement was performed in 42.9% of ridge preservation cases, whereas in all the subjects in the natural healing group, an additional augmentation procedure was needed (100% of the cases).…”

Alveolar ridge preservation in extraction sockets of periodontally compromised teeth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Nevertheless, the present review showed that ARP had similar effects in periodontally compromised extraction sockets, albeit with a modest outcome in terms of changes in ridge width. With respect to the need for additional augmentation at the time of implant placement, our findings were in accordance with other reviews and retrospective cohort studies (Hu et al, 2021; Jung et al, 2018), where ARP has been shown to significantly minimize the need for additional bone grafting at the time of implant placement. However, a recently published Cochrane review (Atieh et al, 2021) failed to show any significant differences between ARP and extraction alone in terms of the need for additional augmentation, but the majority of the studies in the Cochrane review included four‐wall extraction sockets.…”

Prevalence of peri‐implantitis after alveolar ridge preservation at periodontitis and nonperiodontitis extraction sites: A retrospective cohort study

“…ARP is effective in maintaining alveolar ridge dimensions, which normally decrease after dental extraction, 16,35 thereby decreasing the potential for further bone grafting to be required during implantation. 36,37 Even at sites compromised by periodontitis, ARP reduces ridge resorption more than does natural healing after dental extraction. 38,39 Studies have indicated that FDBAs prevent ridge dimensional changes and serve as scaffolding for bone formation during the placement of implants.…”