A retrospective study of canine and feline cutaneous vasculitis

A sporotichosis epidemic involving forty-four dogs in the Metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro is described. Solitary skin lesions were noted in 18 dogs (40.9%), 2-4 such lesions were observed in 17 animals (38.6%), and nine (20.5%) animals had five or more lesions. Twenty-five (56.8%) animals had single ulcerated skin lesions on the nose and nine (20.5%) showed nasal mucosal involvement (three of which also has a skin lesion). Respiratory symptoms were observed in 17 (38.6%) dogs and were found to be the most common extracutaneous signs of infection. Anemia, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia were the most frequent hematological abnormalities. Histopathological analysis of skin biopsies in most cases revealed granulomatous reactions characterized by histiocytic hyperplasia and neutrophil infiltration. Yeast-like cells were observed in seven (16.7%) of 42 dogs examined histologically. During the study, eight (18.2%) animals were lost to follow-up and three (6.8%) were submitted to euthanasia. Of the remaining 33 dogs, five (15.2%) presented spontaneous regression of the lesions, 26 (78.8%) were cured after treatment, and two (6%) continue to be treated. The present cases indicate that many dogs with sporotrichosis respond well to treatment and in a few dogs, the disease may be self-limiting.

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“…The development of vasculitis as a result of intraconazole therapy has been reported by other authors [7,17,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Canine sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis and therapeutic response in 44 cases (1998–2003)

Schubach

Okamoto

et al. 2006

Med Mycol

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“…Esta vasculite, mesmo não vista histologicamente, pode corroborar na ocorrência das úlceras, como conseqüência de isquemia tecidual e de pressão em pontos de apoio. A presença de imunocomplexos circulantes, decorrente da infecção pelo protozoário pode ter contribuído para a presença de vasculite leucocitoclástica (NICHOLS et al, 2001). …”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Padrões histopatológicos das lesões descamativas e ulcerativas da pele em cães com leishmaniose

et al. 2008

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ResumoA leishmaniose visceral canina é uma doença infecciosa crônica considerada endêmica em algumas regiões do estado de São Paulo e, apesar de ser uma enfermidade sistêmica, no cão, a maioria dos sinais clínicos são dermatológicos. Foram avaliados trinta cães com diagnóstico de leishmaniose, da região de Araçatuba, pelos exames parasitológico e sorológico. Os cães apresentando apenas sinais dermatológicos foram divididos em dois grupos: um grupo com descamação e outro com ulceração. Os padrões histopatológicos da pele encontrados nos cães com lesões descamativas (n=15) foram de dermatite perianexial (5/15, 33,3%), dermatite perivascular superficial (1/15, 6,6%), dermatite nodular (1/15, 6,6%), e dentre as dermatites mistas (8/15, 53,3%), dermatite intersticial/perianexial (1/8, 12,5%), dermatite liquenóide/perivascular superficial e profunda (1/8, 12,5%), dermatite perivascular superficial e profunda/perianexial (1/8, 12,5%) e dermatite perivascular superficial/perianexial (5/8, 62,5%). Os cães com lesões ulcerativas (n=15) apresentaram padrões histopatológicos de dermatite perivascular superficial e profunda (5/15, 33,3%), dermatite difusa (3/15, 20%), dermatite perianexial (2/15, 13,3%), dermatite nodular (1/15, 6,6%), e dentre as dermatites mistas (4/15, 26,6%), dermatite intersticial/perivascular superficial e profunda (1/4, 25%), dermatite nodular/perianexial (1/4, 25%), dermatite fibrosante/perianexial (1/4, 25%) e dermatite perivascular superficial e profunda/perianexial (1/4, 25%). A presença de formas amastigotas foram observadas em oito cães (8/15, 53,3%) com dermatite descamativa e sete cães (7/15, 46,6%) com dermatite ulcerativa. Palavras-chave: Dermatite descamativa, dermatite ulcerativa, Leishmaniose, dermatopatologia, cão AbstractCanine visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic infectious disease in some São Paulo state regions and even though it is a systemic disease, in the dog, the main clinical sign is dermatological. Thirty dogs with positive results in serology and parasitological exams for leishmaniasis from Araçatuba city were evaluated. They just showed dermatological signs and were divided in two groups, one with exfoliative 1 Apoio financeiro: FUNDUNESP. 2 Aluno do programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (área de concentração: Clínica Veterinária, nível Doutorado), UNESP, Botucatu. Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/n, 18618.000,

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“…An alternative theory was that the lesions constituted fixed drug eruptions (FDEs). Itraconazole rarely has been reported to cause cutaneous vasculitis (Legendre and others 1996, Plotnick and others 1997, Nichols and others 2001). Because all significant lesions were completely excised and the risk of Pythium species relapse was more life-threatening than small cutaneous lesions, itraconazole and terbinafine therapy was selected to continue, with the owner closely monitoring the skin for changes.…”

Section: Outcome and Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful management of cutaneous pythiosis in a dog with subsequent cutaneous vasculitis

Mercer¹,

White²,

Kennis³

2014

Vet Record Case Reports

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A three-year-old, spayed female, Belgian Malinois from southwestern Alabama was presented to our referral hospital for a 75-day history of progressively lichenified, mildly ulcerated lesions on the left front limb. Histopathology and fungal culture revealed Pythium insidiosum. The limb was amputated and the patient was treated with itraconazole 8.8 mg/kg oral once daily and terbinafine 33 mg/kg oral once daily. Cutaneous vasculitis occurred on day 28 of treatment, which may have constituted either a fixed drug eruption or an immune complex reaction to infection or immunotherapy. The skin lesions were mild and completely excised, so drugs were continued for three-and-a-half months total with no other adverse reactions. At 12 months after presentation, the patient is currently disease-free with no signs of pythiosis recurrence. BACKGROUND

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A retrospective study of canine and feline cutaneous vasculitis

Cited by 61 publications

References 40 publications

Canine sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis and therapeutic response in 44 cases (1998–2003)

Canine sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis and therapeutic response in 44 cases (1998–2003)

Padrões histopatológicos das lesões descamativas e ulcerativas da pele em cães com leishmaniose

Successful management of cutaneous pythiosis in a dog with subsequent cutaneous vasculitis

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