A retrospective study of heterogeneity in neurocognitive profiles associated with traumatic brain injury

Goldstein, Gérald; Allen, Daniel N.; Caponigro, Janelle M.

doi:10.3109/02699051003670882

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The primary limitations of this current study are related to the small group size limiting generalizability of this study. However, despite the small patient group size and the known heterogeneity of TBI ( Goldstein et al, 2010 , León-Carrión et al, 2012 ), we found a strong and significant correlation of executive attention with its associated electrophysiological patterns extracted using PCA. Most importantly, the robustness of our results is further validated by a similar PC extracted from an out-of-sample group of control subjects only (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Executive attention deficits after traumatic brain injury reflect impaired recruitment of resources

Shah

Goldin²,

Conte

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Deficits in attention are a common and devastating consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to functional impairments, rehabilitation barriers, and long-term disability. While such deficits are well documented, little is known about their underlying pathophysiology hindering development of effective and targeted interventions. Here we evaluate the integrity of brain systems specific to attentional functions using quantitative assessments of electroencephalography recorded during performance of the Attention Network Test (ANT), a behavioral paradigm that separates alerting, orienting, and executive components of attention. We studied 13 patients, at least 6 months post-TBI with cognitive impairments, and 24 control subjects. Based on performance on the ANT, TBI subjects showed selective impairment in executive attention. In TBI subjects, principal component analysis combined with spectral analysis of the EEG after target appearance extracted a pattern of increased frontal midline theta power (2.5–7.5 Hz) and suppression of frontal beta power (12.5–22.5 Hz). Individual expression of this pattern correlated (r = − 0.67, p < 0.001) with executive attention impairment. The grading of this pattern of spatiotemporal dynamics with executive attention deficits reflects impaired recruitment of anterior forebrain resources following TBI; specifically, deafferentation and variable disfacilitation of medial frontal neuronal populations is proposed as the basis of our findings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Executive attention deficits after traumatic brain injury reflect impaired recruitment of resources

Shah

Goldin²,

Conte

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…Furthermore, individuals with TBI frequently have comorbid psychiatric conditions such as depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Ashman et al., 2004; Hibbard, Uysal, Kepler, Bogdany, & Silver, 1998; van Reekum, Bolago, Finlayson, Garner, & Links, 1996), and this comorbidity affects the brain and neuropsychological performance (Han, Chapman, & Krawczyk, 2015; Hudak, Hynan, Harper, & Diaz‐Arrastia, 2012; Hudak et al., 2011; Lindemer, Salat, Leritz, McGlinchey, & Milberg, 2013; Lopez et al., 2016; Spielberg, McGlinchey, Milberg, & Salat, 2015), exacerbating the heterogeneity challenge. Accordingly, behavioral performance of individuals with TBI, measured by neuropsychological tests, is heterogeneous (Goldstein, Allen, & Caponigro, 2010; Tellier et al., 2009; Thaler et al., 2013). In the context of rehabilitation, heterogeneity is further increased by variation in responses to rehabilitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy‐based reasoning training modulates cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury

et al. 2017

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IntroductionPrior studies have demonstrated training‐induced changes in the healthy adult brain. Yet, it remains unclear how the injured brain responds to cognitive training months‐to‐years after injury.MethodsSixty individuals with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) were randomized into either strategy‐based (N = 31) or knowledge‐based (N = 29) training for 8 weeks. We measured cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) before training, immediately posttraining, and 3 months posttraining.ResultsRelative to the knowledge‐based training group, the cortical thickness of the strategy‐based training group showed diverse temporal patterns of changes over multiple brain regions (p vertex < .05, p cluster < .05): (1) increases followed by decreases, (2) monotonic increases, and (3) monotonic decreases. However, network‐based statistics (NBS) analysis of rsFC among these regions revealed that the strategy‐based training group induced only monotonic increases in connectivity, relative to the knowledge‐based training group (|Z| > 1.96, pNBS < 0.05). Complementing the rsFC results, the strategy‐based training group yielded monotonic improvement in scores for the trail‐making test (p < .05). Analyses of brain–behavior relationships revealed that improvement in trail‐making scores were associated with training‐induced changes in cortical thickness (p vertex < .05, p cluster < .05) and rsFC (p vertex < .05, p cluster < .005) within the strategy‐based training group.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that training‐induced brain plasticity continues through chronic phases of TBI and that brain connectivity and cortical thickness may serve as markers of plasticity.

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“…25 The Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WIS) has a complex structure with verbal and operational subtests and can provide three IQ scores and multiple subtest scores at the same time. 26 The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is currently one of the most commonly used tests in the world using the questionnaire test method consisting of a total of 566 questions in the form of selfreporting. 27 Further, there are some methods, such as nerve electrophysiological examination, 28 transcranial Doppler ultrasound imaging (TCD), 29 and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 7 that are also performed for evaluating changes between POCD and non-POCD patients.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pocdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty

et al. 2020

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Even after successful hip arthroplasty, elderly patients who have undergone this procedure remain subject to cognitive decline and may collectively develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). However, no consensus exists as to the risk factors resulting in a higher likelihood that a patient may present with this complication, and the aetiology of POCD is not well understood. We conducted a systematic review of papers concerning the influence of POCD‐related risk factors in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty but limited the literature search to papers in English. A systematic and electronic search for manuscripts in the PubMed database was performed in order to identify all studies in which the risk factors for POCD were investigated. Articles were also obtained from the authors' files. Keywords for the search were postoperative cognitive dysfunction/change/impairment/decline/deficit, elderly/older/aged patients, and hip arthroplasty/replacement surgery. The evidence published to date suggests that POCD is a multifactorial disease, which includes an individual patient's characteristics, surgery, type of anaesthesia, and pain levels. All of these factors can increase the risk of POCD incidence. There are a number of factors that appear to influence the risk of early cognitive dysfunction after hip arthroplasty. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism and explicit risk factors associated with this cognitive dysfunction are not completely understood. Hip arthroplasty has made it possible for older patients to find relief from pain and improve their function, whereas it also increases the risk for suffering POCD that may affect these patients' quality of life and increase their mortality. Therefore, it is worthwhile investigating the mechanism of POCD in future studies in order to prevent and treat this condition.

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A retrospective study of heterogeneity in neurocognitive profiles associated with traumatic brain injury

Abstract: The outcome of traumatic brain injury is heterogeneous and mainly associated with demographic considerations.

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Executive attention deficits after traumatic brain injury reflect impaired recruitment of resources

Executive attention deficits after traumatic brain injury reflect impaired recruitment of resources

Strategy‐based reasoning training modulates cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty

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