A retrospective study of viral skin diseases of cattle, sheep and goats in Plateau State, Nigeria

Ifende, V.I.; Maurice, NA; Abbas, Yassar; Agu, C. I.; Bolajoko, M.B; Jambo, A.; Adole, J.A.; Asala, Olayinka; Wungak, Y.S.; Maguda, A.S.; Umeh, Eric Okechukwu; Adedeji, Adeyinka Jeremy

doi:10.4314/sokjvs.v17i1.6

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the first stage, three States in northern Nigeria were purposely selected (Bauchi, Plateau and Kaduna – Fig. 1 b) based on previous research showing that SGP was present in the area ( Adedeji et al, 2019 ; Ifende et al, 2019 ; Limon et al, 2020 ) and a history of SGP outbreaks reported to local veterinarians in recent years. In each State, an official list of LGAs was obtained and within each LGA, the list of village areas and, where available, their village heads.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household and animal factors associated with sheeppox and goatpox sero-prevalence and identification of high-risk areas in selected States of northern Nigeria

Adedeji

Ijoma

Atai

et al. 2021

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Sheeppox and goatpox (SGP) are transboundary, highly contagious diseases affecting sheep and goats with characteristic clinical signs. SGP affect populations of small ruminants in Africa, Asia and the Middle East and, as a result, threaten farmers’ livelihoods. Despite their importance, studies looking at factors that increase the risk of sheeppox-virus (SPPV) and goatpox-virus (GTPV) exposure and infection are limited. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three states of Northern Nigeria (Bauchi, Kaduna and Plateau) to determine the sero-prevalence and spatial patterns of SGP, and identify risk factors for SPPV/GTPV exposure at animal and household level. Sera samples were collected from 1,800 small ruminants from 300 households. Data on putative risk factors were collected using a standardised questionnaire. Twenty-nine small ruminants were sero-positive to SGP - apparent weighted sero-prevalence 2.0 %; 95 % C.I. 1.1–.3.0 %. Sero-positive animals came from 19 (6.3 %) households. Analysis of the questionnaire showed that a fifth (20.3 %) of farmers claimed to have experienced SGP outbreaks previously in their flocks, with 33 (1.8 %) of the individual animals sampled in this study reported to have had clinical signs. At animal level, the odds of being sero-positive were higher in older animals (>24months; OR = 8.0, p = 0.008 vs ≤24 months) and small ruminants with a history of clinical SGP (OR = 16.9, p = 0.01). Bringing new small ruminants into the household and having a history of SGP in the flock were the main factors identified at household level. Households were less likely to be sero-positive if the time between bringing animals into the household and sampling was over a year (PR = 0.31, p = 0.05), while households with a history of SGP were more likely to be sero-positive regardless of the timeframe. Important spatial heterogeneity was found. The Bayes smooth rate ranged from 0.06 to 4.10 % across local government areas (LGA), with LGA in the north-east or north-west of the study area identified as hot-spots for SGP exposure. Results from this study shed new light on the understanding of SGP epidemiology and provide key inputs to design risk-based surveillance and intervention programmes in the area.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household and animal factors associated with sheeppox and goatpox sero-prevalence and identification of high-risk areas in selected States of northern Nigeria

Adedeji

Ijoma

Atai

et al. 2021

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…Plateau State is located between 9.2° and 9.4°N, and between 9.3° and 9.4°E (Ifende et al, 2019). Majority (60%) of the State's human population (3.5 million people) practice poultry production where birds are raised in commercial, backyard and free-range systems (Wungak et al, 2017).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus in free-range chicken in Plateau state, Nigeria

Ijoma¹,

Shittu²,

Chinyere³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Globally, infectious bronchitis (IB) is an important respiratory viral disease responsible for enormous economic losses to poultry farmers. In Nigeria, limited reports on the prevalence and serotypes of the IB virus are available. Here, we investigated the prevalence and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chicken in Plateau State. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out involving 440 apparently healthy free-range local chickens sampled from eleven villages in four Local Government Areas (LGA) of Plateau State. Sera collected from the birds were screened for the presence of four IBV serotypes namely; Massachusetts (Mass), Arkansas (Ark), Connecticut (Con) and Delaware (De-072) using haemagglutinationinhibition (HI) test. In all, a prevalence of 82.95% (n = 365) was recorded. At LGAlevel, prevalence of 79.50%, 47.37%, 95.45% and 100% were recorded in Kanam, Mangu, Qua’an pan and Bassa LGAs, respectively. Based on serotype prevalence, Mass had 89.30% (n = 326); Ark 79.70% (n = 291); Con 88.20% (n = 322) while De-072 was 42.70% (n = 156). There were statistically significant associations between dominant serotype and the LGAs (p≤0.001). This study shows high prevalence of IBwith at least four strains of IBV present in free-range chicken flocks in Plateau State requiring attention for control measures. Keywords: Free-range chicken; Infectious bronchitis virus; Plateau state, Serosurvey, Serotype

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“…Lumpy skin disease is endemic but neglected disease of cattle in Nigeria. This study was designed in response to repeated outbreaks of (Gambo et al, 2018;Ifende et al, 2019). The study identifies the epidemiological features and economic impact of LSD on subsistence smallholder cattle farmers in the study area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morbidity is usually around 10 -14% while mortality ranges between 1% and 5% in endemic areas (Babiuk et al, 2008;Adedeji et al, 2017;Ochwo et al, 2020). The characteristic clinical signs of LSD include lacrimation, fever (40-41℃), lymphadenopathy and nodular skin lesions that progress to sitfast lesions, which can persist for many months (Babiuk et al, 2008;Adedeji et al, 2019). In some LSD outbreaks, affected animals develop swelling of one or more legs, lameness and edema of the dewlap (Tuppurainen et al, 2005;Tuppurainen & Oura, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LSD was first reported in Nigeria by Woods (1974), and later by Bida et al (1976). Thereafter, reports from other parts of the country particularly in nomadic herds and organized farms were documented (Nawathe et al, 1982;Adedeji et al, 2019). Outbreaks of LSD occur yearly particularly in transhumant cattle herds with severe economic losses such as deaths and reduced market value of animals (Limon et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological features of lumpy skin disease outbreaks amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos, north-central Nigeria

Atai¹,

Olaolu²,

Adole³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a severe viral transboundary disease of mostly cattle caused by LSD Virus (LSDV). This epidemiological survey of LSD amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos Local Government Area (LGA) of North Central Nigeria was carried out in 2019 as a response to farmers’ reports of repeated outbreaks of LSD in their herds of cattle. A focused group discussion with cattle farmers purposefully selected was used for the disease investigation and data collection. Twelve skin scab samples were collected from suspected cases within the study area. The viral attachment protein gene of the LSDV was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Analysis of the focus group discussion revealed that all farmers interviewed practiced extensive farm management system and claimed that their animals shared same communal water points and grazing area. Furthermore, 47% (7/15) of the farmers have experienced LSD twice in their herds, while 27% (4/15) have had the outbreak thrice on their farms. The morbidity rates of LSD were 3% – 49% and mortality rates were 1% – 6%. Sixty percent of farmers claimed that incidence of LSD is related to season of the year. All farmers sell off their sick animals in the livestock market and confirmed LSD affects market price of their animals. PCR results revealed that in 91.6% (11/12) samples analysed, LSDV was detected. This study confirms LSD outbreaks based on PCR result and clinical signs and symptoms in Butura, Daffo and Kunduk of Bokkos LGA, North Central Nigeria.

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A retrospective study of viral skin diseases of cattle, sheep and goats in Plateau State, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Household and animal factors associated with sheeppox and goatpox sero-prevalence and identification of high-risk areas in selected States of northern Nigeria

Household and animal factors associated with sheeppox and goatpox sero-prevalence and identification of high-risk areas in selected States of northern Nigeria

Sero-prevalence and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus in free-range chicken in Plateau state, Nigeria

Epidemiological features of lumpy skin disease outbreaks amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos, north-central Nigeria

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