A retrospective study on cervical cancer screening- In a newly opened tertiary care Centre in Eastern India

Abstract

: One of the most prevalent cancers, cervical cancer is also the leading cause of mortality for women in underdeveloped nations. A fundamental test for finding infections and precancerous diseases is the Papanicolaou smear. This study aims to comprehend the function of cervical screening in detecting premalignant, malignant, and non-neoplastic lesions as well as the prevalence of different lesions in women who received a traditional pap smear technique. We screened women in the age group of 15-70 years who attended the Outpatient department of the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of AIIMS, Kalyani. All women who gave consent for screening by Pap smear test were included. Of 2133 cases, most of the cases were benign comprising of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or malignancy (NILM) of about 1989 (93.24%) cases, 705 (33.05%) inflammatory. Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in 44 cases (2.06%), Atypical squamous cells cannot exclude HSIL in 3 (0.14%), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in 11 (0.52%), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 5 (0.23%) women and Atypical glandular cell in 7 (0.33%). Out of 202 asymptomatic women (9.47%), 12 cases (0.56%) showed epithelial cell abnormality (8 ASCUS, 2 LSIL, 1 ASCH, 1HSIL) (Odds ratio=0.5056, Significance level, P=0.0362). Conventional Pap smear test is a very easy and cheap diagnostic tool to detect premalignant, malignant, and non-neoplastic lesions and the prevalence of various lesions. As per the American Cancer Society (ACS), a pap smear should start from 25 years to be done till 65 years (repeated after every 3 years).

Evaluation of pap smears with cyto-histopathological correlation–our experience at a tertiary care hospital in Telangana

“…13 In the study conducted by Pandey et al, 79 cases (3.7%) were atrophic smears, which was in line with this study, where 23 cases were (3.9%) atrophic smears. 12 In the study conducted by Sinchana et al, 18 cases (9%) were reported as ECA, which were in line with this study, where 53 cases (9%) were also reported as ECA. 11 In a study conducted by Sharma et al, in 2021, the total number of ASCUS cases was 15 (3.3%), which was in line with this study where 21 cases (3.74%) were reported as such.…”

“…In a study conducted by Pandey et al, in 2023Pandey et al, in , 1987 cases (93.2%) were reported as Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, which was a line in this study, where 525 cases (91%) were reported as Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy. 12 In the study conducted by Sinchana et al, 139 cases (69.5%) were smears associated with inflammation, whereas in this study, 353 cases (57.4%) were inflammatory smears. 11 Cases with persistent inflammation must be further evaluated and treated appropriately as they may slowly transform into pre-malignant lesions.…”

“…11 In this study, one case was reported as poorly differentiated malignancy on pap smear, whereas no such cases were reported in the comparative studies. 11,12,14 Histopathological examination was advised for all ECA category cases and for those cases that were clinically suspicious though unsatisfactory on cytology. Fifty-four cervical biopsies were done.…”