A reversible plasmonic nanoprobe for dynamic imaging of intracellular pH during endocytosis

Abstract

Understanding the pH evolution during endocytosis is essential for our comprehension of the fundamental processes of biology as well as effective nanotherapeutic design. Herein, we constructed a plasmonic Au@PANI core-shell...

An Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based Dual Emitting Nanoprobe for Detecting Intracellular pH and Unravelling Metabolic Variations in Differentiating Lymphocytes

“…To assess whether this correlation also validates in other cell lines, we re-perform the same assay of the above in two breast cell lines: normal breast MCF-10A cells, characterized by low metabolic activity (low glycolysis rate), and cancer breast MCF-7 cells, characterized by high metabolic activity (high glycolysis rate and malignancy). 72 As expected, MCF-7 cells produced higher ATP and LA levels than MCF-10A by 2.14-and 1.83-fold, respectively (Figure S25A). Consistently, the results of the 2-DG treatment on MCF-10A and MCF-7 probed by AIEgen@F127-COOH followed a similar trend to that of the nonactivated and activated CD8+ T cells, respectively (Figure S25C, D).…”

“…Thus, this pharmacological inhibition experiment verifies the correlation between glycolysis and pH i in both activated and nonactivated CD8+ T cells. To assess whether this correlation also validates in other cell lines, we re-perform the same assay of the above in two breast cell lines: normal breast MCF-10A cells, characterized by low metabolic activity (low glycolysis rate), and cancer breast MCF-7 cells, characterized by high metabolic activity (high glycolysis rate and malignancy) . As expected, MCF-7 cells produced higher ATP and LA levels than MCF-10A by 2.14- and 1.83-fold, respectively (Figure S25A).…”

“…The CD8+ T cells were washed with PBS and incubated in a high K + buffer (30 mM NaCl, 120 mM KCl, 1 mM CaCl 2 , 0.5 mM MgSO 4 , 1 mM NaH 2 PO 4 , 5 mM glucose, 20 mM HEPES, 20 mM NaOAc) with various pH values from 6.6 to 7.4. 10 μM nigericin solution was added to calibrate intracellularly pH, and then the mixture was treated with nigericin for another 10 min, which could quickly equilibrate intracellular and extracellular pH. − Then the 100 μg mL –1 AIEgen@F127-AptCD8 was added to the cell medium and incubated for 1 h in the 37 °C incubator. Nonactivated T cells and activated T cells of Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 were collected to incubate with AIEgen@F127-AptCD8 and probe the T cell status by cell imaging.…”

High Confidence Single Particle Analysis with Machine Learning

“…17−20 It has the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, resistance to photobleaching, and easy biolabeling. 21 Therefore, plasmonic nanoparticles are an ideal optical probe for biosensing and analytical chemistry. Due to its high signal-to-noise ratio and low background, dark-field microscopy (DFM) imaging is utilized to capture the LSPR scattered light of plasmonic nanoparticles.…”

“…Plasmonic nanoparticles have localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption and scattering properties that are extremely sensitive to the surrounding medium. − It has the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, resistance to photobleaching, and easy biolabeling . Therefore, plasmonic nanoparticles are an ideal optical probe for biosensing and analytical chemistry.…”