A review for optical sensors based on photonic crystal cavities

Zhang, Yanan; Zhao, Yong; Lv, Ri-qing

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2015.07.025

Cited by 181 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…Considering the complexity involved in fabricating real 3D PBG materials for practical integration, 1D PhC surfaces and strongly modulated 2D PhC slabs of submicron thickness have been widely investigated for integrated nanophotonics applications, even for sensing at the point of care [123][124][125][126][127]. Like basic PBG principles, the photonic band properties in these 2D nanoengineered materials originate from multiple instances of beam scattering and interference at the photonic lattice due to periodic perturbation of the structure.…”

Section: Photonic Crystals Engineered With Nano/microcavities For Intmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/11/18 9:19 AM nano/microcavities in PhCs, we will proceed to discuss advanced architectures and/or methodologies based on PhC nanocavity-assisted label-free biosensing. For the past couple of decades there has been intense research in the field of biochemical detection [126,127,135]. Here, we will mainly restrict ourselves to the past decade and cover very recent milestones.…”

Section: Photonic Crystals Engineered With Nano/microcavities For Intmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in optoplasmonic sensors – combining optical nano/microcavities and photonic crystals with plasmonic nanostructures and nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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Nanophotonic device building blocks, such as optical nano/microcavities and plasmonic nanostructures, lie at the forefront of sensing and spectrometry of trace biological and chemical substances. A new class of nanophotonic architecture has emerged by combining optically resonant dielectric nano/microcavities with plasmonically resonant metal nanostructures to enable detection at the nanoscale with extraordinary sensitivity. Initial demonstrations include single-molecule detection and even single-ion sensing. The coupled photonic-plasmonic resonator system promises a leap forward in the nanoscale analysis of physical, chemical, and biological entities. These optoplasmonic sensor structures could be the centrepiece of miniaturised analytical laboratories, on a chip, with detection capabilities that are beyond the current state of the art. In this paper, we review this burgeoning field of optoplasmonic biosensors. We first focus on the state of the art in nanoplasmonic sensor structures, high quality factor optical microcavities, and photonic crystals separately before proceeding to an outline of the most recent advances in hybrid sensor systems. We discuss the physics of this modality in brief and each of its underlying parts, then the prospects as well as challenges when integrating dielectric nano/microcavities with metal nanostructures. In Section 5, we hint to possible future applications of optoplasmonic sensing platforms which offer many degrees of freedom towards biomedical diagnostics at the level of single molecules.

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Section: Photonic Crystals Engineered With Nano/microcavities For Intmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photonic Crystals Engineered With Nano/microcavities For Intmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in optoplasmonic sensors – combining optical nano/microcavities and photonic crystals with plasmonic nanostructures and nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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“…To this end, several kind of devices have been developed; in particular they have been based on plasmonic resonances [2] that have the advantage of relatively easy production and high yield, and photonic crystal cavities [3] that posses much sharper spectral resonances (and therefore higher sensitivity), but suffer from low scalability due to the highly engineered fabrication process required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorder-Induced Light Confinement in Photonic Crystals as a Platform for Efficient Optical Sensing

Trojak

Crane

Sapienza

2017

Frontiers in Optics 2017

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Abstract:We demonstrate optical sensing with disorder-induced confined light on silicon nitride photonic crystal waveguides. For a refractive index change of ≈0.38, we measure 14 nm wavelength shifts of an optical resonance 0.4 nm broad.OCIS codes: (350.4238) Nanophotonics and photonic crystals; (280.4788) Optical sensing and sensors; (300.6280) Spectroscopy, fluorescence and luminescence IntroductionOptical sensing is of preeminent importance for a variety of applications [1]: it can enable detection of harmful or desired contaminants, it can confirm that expected reactions have taken place and can be used for quantitative analysis of the processes under study.To this end, several kind of devices have been developed; in particular they have been based on plasmonic resonances [2] that have the advantage of relatively easy production and high yield, and photonic crystal cavities [3] that posses much sharper spectral resonances (and therefore higher sensitivity), but suffer from low scalability due to the highly engineered fabrication process required.To overcome this issue, we follow a different approach and show that multiple scattering on unavoidable fabrication imperfections can be used as a platform for efficient light confinement in disordered photonic crystal waveguides. By using imperfections as a resource, we show that several high-quality optical cavities spontaneously appear along a fabricated photonic crystal waveguide operating at room temperature [4]. Such an approach represents a route for scalable, high quality optical sensors.

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“…Based on the quality factors that we achieve, our devices are already competitive with current photonic crystal structures specifically engineered for sensing applications 7,17 . Figure 2a shows how several disorder-induced optical cavities are shifted by the presence of the contaminant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thanks to the high quality of the confinement achievable 2 , photonic crystals have been widely implemented for cavity quantum electrodynamics with solid-state emitters 3 , where the spontaneous emission dynamics of an emitter coupled to a photonic crystal cavity can be strongly modified 4 and even made reversible 5 . Photonic crystals can also be used as high-quality sensors 6 since the presence of a contaminant can perturb the system by changing the local refractive index, resulting in variations of the wavelength of the light confined within the nanophonic device 7 . Given the high quality of the resonances achievable, sub-nanometer shifts in the resonant wavelengths can be observed, thus allowing the detection of minimal refractive index changes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical sensing with Anderson-localised light

Trojak

Crane

Sapienza

2017

Applied Physics Letters

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We show that fabrication imperfections in silicon nitride photonic crystal waveguides can be used as a resource to efficiently confine light in the Anderson-localised regime and add functionalities to photonic devices. Our results prove that disorder-induced localisation of light can be utilised to realise an alternative class of high-quality optical sensors operating at room temperature. We measure wavelength shifts of optical resonances as large as 15.2 nm, more than 100 times the spectral linewidth of 0.15 nm, for a refractive index change of about 0.38. By studying the temperature dependence of the optical properties of the system, we report wavelength shifts of up to about 2 nm and increases of more than a factor 2 in the quality factor of the cavity resonances, when going from room to cryogenic temperatures. Such a device can allow simultaneous sensing of both local contaminants and temperature variations, monitored by tens of optical resonances spontaneously appearing along a single photonic crystal waveguide. Our findings demonstrate the potential of Anderson-localised light in photonic crystals for scalable and efficient optical sensors operating in the visible and near-infrared range of wavelengths.

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A review for optical sensors based on photonic crystal cavities

Cited by 181 publications

References 115 publications

Advances in optoplasmonic sensors – combining optical nano/microcavities and photonic crystals with plasmonic nanostructures and nanoparticles

Advances in optoplasmonic sensors – combining optical nano/microcavities and photonic crystals with plasmonic nanostructures and nanoparticles

Disorder-Induced Light Confinement in Photonic Crystals as a Platform for Efficient Optical Sensing

Optical sensing with Anderson-localised light

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