A review of applications of surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy laser for detection of biomaterials and a quick glance into its advances for COVID-19 investigations

Abstract

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is one of the most sensitive analytical tools. In some cases, it is possible to record a high-quality SERS spectrum in which even a single molecule is involved. Therefore, SERS is considered a significantly promising option as an alternative to routine analytical techniques used in food, environmental, biochemical, and medical analyzes. In this review, the definitive applications of SERS developed to identify biochemically important species (especially medical and biological) from the simplest to the most complex are briefly discussed. Moreover, the potential capability of SERS for being used as an alternative to routine methods in diagnostic and clinical cases is demonstrated. In addition, this article describes how SERS-based sensors work, addresses its advancements in the last 20 years, discusses its applications for detecting Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and finally describes future works. The authors hope that this article will be useful for researchers who want to enter this amazing field of research.

Raman spectroscopy for viral diagnostics

“…Recently, Amin Hadi et al reviewed the applications of SERS in detection of biomaterials with special emphasis on COVID-19 detection. The article covers a vast spectra of details including the basic working principal of SERS to the proof of concept study demonstrating the applications in virus diagnostics (Eskandari et al 2022 ). Yadav et al proposed the use of a silver nanorod array, fabricated via the glancing angle deposition technique, for detection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).…”

Nanotheranostic Strategies for Cancer Immunotherapy

“…Another important optical imaging tool that has also been employed in the biomedical field is Raman imaging and a more advanced Raman technique called surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). [155][156][157][158] Using gold nanoparticles linked with reporter molecules to detect tumor markers became attractive to cancer immunoimaging over a decade ago. Maiti et al achieved the highest Raman intensity with B2 molecule-tagged gold particles via lipoic acid linkage (B2LA), validating the most favorable Raman reporter molecules to attach to a gold colloid.…”

“…Another important optical imaging tool that has also been employed in the biomedical field is Raman imaging and a more advanced Raman technique called surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). [ 155–158 ] Using gold nanoparticles linked with reporter molecules to detect tumor markers became attractive to cancer immunoimaging over a decade ago. Maiti et al.…”

Aptamer-coated track-etched membranes with a nanostructured silver layer for single virus detection in biological fluids

“…Surface-enhanced Raman/fluorescent spectrometry is widely used as an analytical tool in biosensors providing ultra-low limits of detection in a biological media (Ambartsumyan et al, 2020;Eskandari et al, 2022;Kukushkin et al, 2019;Perumal et al, 2021;Sultangaziyev and…”

“…Surface-enhanced Raman/fluorescent spectrometry is widely used as an analytical tool in biosensors providing ultra-low limits of detection in a biological media ( Ambartsumyan et al, 2020 ; Eskandari et al, 2022 ; Kukushkin et al, 2019 ; Perumal et al, 2021 ; Sultangaziyev and Bukasov, 2020 ; Tahir et al, 2021 ; Ye et al, 2022 ; Zavyalova et al, 2022 ). Biomacromolecules per se are rather complex for specific determination as thousands of peptides and proteins are composed of the same set of amino acids.…”