A Review of Assessment and Treatment of Trauma in Emergency Department

Abstract

Background:Traumatic injuries are the major destructive causes of human disability and in some situations, they could cause mortality. Preparing an appropriate procedure for the management and treatment of trauma patients is still a big challenge. Anyway, through immediate diagnosis and management of trauma patients in emergency departments mainly in trauma golden hour most appropriate outcomes could be achieved. The initial examination of trauma patients should be carried out in the trauma golden hour by most appropriate diagnosis equipment prepared in the emergency trauma care unit. Objective:The present study was performed for reviewing the most appropriate techniques and equipment of diagnosis and management of traumatic injuries. Material and Method:For obtaining the most appropriate outcomes, a comprehensive review carried out through the general medical databases of PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, databases of Cochrane Library, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database and Allied Health Literature of CINAHL on care system of patients who suffer from various kinds of trauma were searched up to March 2020. Finally, the total number of 73 articles were selected for reviewing the newest available data around the main objective of the present study. Results:Trauma patients who detected with serious injuries in their vital organs should be managed through an appropriate standardized guideline. This comprehensive guideline is categorized into fourteen critical steps that provide general information about the importance, objective, initial actions, required equipment and staff and also the overall knowledge of any step in diagnosis and management of trauma patients. Conclusion:The prepared comprehensive guideline for appropriate management of trauma patients is a precise effective method for immediate management of trauma patients in trauma care units of emergency departments. The most critical situation such as severely injured patients, airway management, protecting breathing and circulation, major neurologic problems and the difficulties with clinical examination of whole-body could be managed through following the prepared guideline.