A Review of Autecological and Saprobiological Data on Freshwater Ciliates

Bick, Hartmut; Kunze, Sigrid

doi:10.1002/iroh.19710560302

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…(2) Ciliate population maxima generally occurred when the bottom water was oxygenated (except for C. medusula). This agrees with Webb (1961) and other authors (Kolkwitz, 1950;Bick & Kunze, 1971) who classify these species (L. magnus, L. striatus, F. leucas, Spirostomum minus, S. teres, Stentor coeruleus and S. polymorplms) as mesosaprobes in the saprobiensystem of Kolkwitz & Marsson (1909), that is as species which thrive at intermediate oxygen concentrations. It is most likely that these ciliates did not thrive in anaerobic conditions because they require oxygen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Alternatively, the odd individuals found in summer may have migrated from regions where oxygen was present and might have survived for only a short time, or might have moved back to favourable conditions. Caenomorpha medusula, unlike the other species mentioned, was classed as a polysaprobe by Webb (1961) and other authors have considered it to range from a-mesosaprobic (Kolkwitz, 1950) to (S-mesosaprobic or polysaprobic (see Bick & Kunze, 1971). In Esthwaite Water it behaved as a polysaprobe and highest populations occurred towards the end of periods of deoxygenation (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Availability of food: the food of the ciliates considered in this study includes algae, bacteria, colourless flagellates, ciliates, rotifers and detritus (Kahl, 1930-35;Sandon, 1932;Bick & Kunze, 1971;Goulder, 1972). Algae and bacteria are probably the most important components and these were perhaps more available at the deeper sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The seasonal and spatial distribution of some benthic ciliated Protozoa in Esthwaite Water

Goulder

1974

Freshwater Biology

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oxygen concentrations and other physical and chemical parameters were determined in the bottom water at five sites (depths 14, 12, 8, 5 and 3 m) in Esthwaite Water in the English Lake District. In winter the bottom water at all five sites was oxygenated; while in summer, conditions at the deeper sites became anaerobic and concentrations of sulphide, ammonia and carbon dioxide increased.During the same period, some benthic ciliated Protozoa were counted at the same five sites. The species considered were Loxodes magnus, L. striatus, Frontonia leucas, Spirostomum minus, S. teres, Stentor coeruleus, S. polymorphus and Caenomorpha medusula and populations were assessed as number of individuals per 01 ml of sediment. It was found that: (1) the most dense populations tended to be at the deeper sites; (2) population maxima generally occurred when the bottom water was oxygenated (except for C. medusula) and; (3) there was, over the 21 months, considerable irregularity in the size and timing of population maxima.In March-April 1970, population densities of benthic ciliates, at the five sites, were measured in terms of individuals per cm^ of lake bottom. Population densities decreased with decrease in site depth. The availability of food organisms, turbulence and sediment texture were considered as factors which might control this distribution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The seasonal and spatial distribution of some benthic ciliated Protozoa in Esthwaite Water

Goulder

1974

Freshwater Biology

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“…The monographs of Stiller (1971Stiller ( , 1974 and Jankowski (1979Jankowski ( , 1981 are unfortunately restricted to those readers who understand Hungarian and Russian, respectively. Important recent ecological studies on ciliates as indicators of water quality include those of Wilbert (1969), Bick & unze (1971), Stossel (1979), Bick & Neumann (1982), Nosek & Bereczky (1981), Foissner et al (1982a), Schonborn (1982), and Albrecht (1984) . Comprehensive bibliographies on the ecology of free-living and terrestrial protozoa have been prepared by Finlay & Ochsenbein-Gattlen (1982) and Foissner (1987c) .…”

Section: Recent Textbooks and Monographsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic and nomenclatural revision of Sl�de?ek's list of ciliates (Protozoa: Ciliophora) as indicators of water quality

Foissner

1988

Hydrobiologia

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A taxonomic and nomenclatural revision of Sladecek's et al. (1981) and Wegl's (1983) lists of ciliates (Protozoa : Ciliophora) as indicators of water quality has been performed . The original reference, important synonyms, and modern taxonomic literature are provided for each of the 378 taxa recognized . The results of this revision are summarized in a table which shows the correct (modern) name, author, and date of publication of each species as well as its saprobity, its saprobic valency, its indicative weight, and its saprobic index .

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“…I n general, aufwuchs organisms, especially ciliated protozoa., are regarded as reliable indicatorsof water quality (HENTSCHEL 1916;BICK 1957BICK ,1960BICK ,1964bBICK , 1966aBICK , 1966bBICK , 1968aBICK , 1976LIEB-UXN 1962;SLLDE~KOVL 1962;WILBERT 1969;Institut fur Wasserwirtschaft 1970ff;NUSCH 1970;BICK & KUNZE 1971;TENT 1979). Nevertheless there has been some criticism of this system, e. g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periphyton (Aufwuchs) Communities of Ciliated Protozoa in Salt‐Polluted Running Waters of the Weser River Basin — Their Structure and Indicator Value (Including Model Ecosystems)

Albrecht

1986

Intl Review of Hydrobiology

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The ciliates in aufwuchs communities on glass slides exposed to different amounts of salt pollution a t several locations in the Weser River system were investigated . The results were compared with those from the study of model ecosystems exposed to salts . A comparison of the ciliate occurrence with a number of physical and chemical parameters showed that it is primarily the amount of salt present that determines which species are dominant . The number of species present decreases in the presence of high salt concentrations and in water flowing at a high velocity . A halobic index was formulated to indicate salt pollution quantitatively but turned out not to be useful due to the euryhaline potency of most of the ciliate species . The eaprobic index can be used inriverspolluted with salt only if biological indicator species are present in sufficient number .

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A Review of Autecological and Saprobiological Data on Freshwater Ciliates

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

The seasonal and spatial distribution of some benthic ciliated Protozoa in Esthwaite Water

The seasonal and spatial distribution of some benthic ciliated Protozoa in Esthwaite Water

Taxonomic and nomenclatural revision of Sl�de?ek's list of ciliates (Protozoa: Ciliophora) as indicators of water quality

Periphyton (Aufwuchs) Communities of Ciliated Protozoa in Salt‐Polluted Running Waters of the Weser River Basin — Their Structure and Indicator Value (Including Model Ecosystems)

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