A review of behavior mechanisms and crowd evacuation animation in emergency exercises

He, Gaoqi; Yang, Yu; Chen, Zhihua; Gu, Chunhua; Pan, Zhigeng

doi:10.1631/jzus.cide1301

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Modelling human behaviour and devising efficient evacuation schemes have been a focus of research, now, for quite some time. Various literature surveys have been carried out summarizing and critically analyzing crowd evacuation models from different perspectives ( He et al, 2013 ; Vermuyten et al, 2016 ; Bellomo et al, 2016 ; Shiwakoti, Shi & Ye, 2019 ; Koponen & Nousiainen, 2016 ; Zollman, 2012 ; Murase et al, 2014 ; Fu, Shi & Wang, 2015 ; Zheng & Cheng, 2011 ).…”

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effectiveness of multi-feature evacuation systems: an agent-based exploratory simulation study

Zia

Farooq

Shafi

et al. 2021

PeerJ Computer Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evacuation modeling and simulation are usually used to explore different possibilities for evacuation, however, it is a real challenge to integrate different categories of characteristics in unified modeling space. In this paper, we propose an agent-based model of an evacuating crowd so that a comparative analysis of a different sets of parameters categorized as individual, social and technological aspects, is made possible. In particular, we focus on the question of rationality vs. emotionalism of individuals in a localized social context. In addition to that, we propose and model the concept of extended social influence, thereby embedding technological influence within the social influence, and analyze its impact on the efficiency of evacuation. NetLogo is used for simulating different variations in environments, evacuation strategies, and agents demographics. Simulation results revealed that there is no substantial advantage of informational overload on people, as this might work only in those situations, where there are fewer chances of herding. In more serious situations, people should be left alone to decide. They, however, could be trained in drills, to avoid panicking in such situations and concentrate on making their decisions solely based on the dynamics of their surroundings. It was also learned that distant connectivity has no apparent advantage and can be ruled out while designing an evacuation strategy based on these recommendations.

show abstract

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effectiveness of multi-feature evacuation systems: an agent-based exploratory simulation study

Zia

Farooq

Shafi

et al. 2021

PeerJ Computer Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, characteristic patterns of collective motion are understood as emergent behavior resulting from the collective dynamics of interactions between individuals. Studies of human crowd dynamics have important applications to improving pedestrian traffic flow, safety management, and the prevention of crowd disasters [8][9][10][11][12]. Analyses of real-life mass events have been used to model crowd behavior in situations such as religious gatherings, rock concerts, sporting matches, and transportation hubs [13][14][15][16], with a critical goal of averting life-threatening crushes, stampedes, and trampling [14,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of emergent patterns in crossing flows of pedestrians reveals an invariant of `stripe' formation in human data

Mullick¹,

Fontaine²,

Appert-Rolland³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When two streams of pedestrians cross at an angle, striped patterns spontaneously emerge as a result of local pedestrian interactions. This clear case of self-organized pattern formation remains to be elucidated. In counterflows, with a crossing angle of 180°, alternating lanes of traffic are commonly observed moving in opposite directions, whereas in crossing flows at an angle of 90°, diagonal stripes have been reported. Naka (1977) hypothesized that stripe orientation is perpendicular to the bisector of the crossing angle. However, studies of crossing flows at acute and obtuse angles remain underdeveloped. We tested the bisector hypothesis in experiments on small groups (18-19 participants each) crossing at seven angles (30°intervals), and analyzed the geometric properties of stripes. We present two novel computational methods for analyzing striped patterns in pedestrian data: (i) an edge-cutting algorithm, which detects the dynamic formation of stripes and allows us to measure local properties of individual stripes; and (ii) a pattern-matching technique, based on the Gabor function, which allows us to estimate global properties (orientation and wavelength) of the striped pattern at a time T . We find an invariant property: stripes in the two groups are parallel and perpendicular to the bisector at all crossing angles. In contrast, other properties depend on the crossing angle: stripe spacing (wavelength), stripe size (number of pedestrians per stripe), and crossing time all decrease as the crossing angle increases from 30°to 180°, whereas the number of stripes increases with crossing angle. We also observe that the width of individual stripes is dynamically squeezed as the two groups cross each other. The findings thus support the bisector hypothesis at a wide range of crossing angles, although the theoretical reasons for this invariant remain unclear. The present results provide empirical constraints on theoretical studies and computational models of crossing flows.

show abstract

“…The study of building evacuation began at the start of the 20th century [1][2][3]. At the end of the 20th century, the interpretation of the fire safety of buildings changed from a technological to a more behavioural perspective [4][5][6][7]. The reader can find a review, about connection between fire and human behaviour [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Egress from a Hospital Ward During Fire Emergency

D’Orazio¹,

Grossi²,

Ursetta³

et al. 2020

IJSSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are many issues in a hospital evacuation, related both to conditions of the patients and to building complexity. Moreover, as consequences of fire, there may be delays in surgeries and medical diagnosis, or interruption in treatment for both inpatient and outpatient. This work identifies and assesses problems that arise in the egress from the ward located at third floor of the Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital of Rome, using a simulation software. Moreover, we perform a comparison between simulation results and experimental results by means of a real fire drill. We have considered a maximum of 116 people in the ward to its maximum capacity. We have created three different fire scenarios: fire in the electrical room, in the kitchen room and in a patient room. The time needed to evacuate fully the ward was far behind the fire resistance time of the structures. More than that, there was an overcrowded area in the ward that acted as a bottleneck: the so-called "smoke proof filter"; this area is intended to separates the two near wards and, although built according to the Italian fire department regulation, it holds back people and beds.

show abstract

A review of behavior mechanisms and crowd evacuation animation in emergency exercises

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

On the effectiveness of multi-feature evacuation systems: an agent-based exploratory simulation study

On the effectiveness of multi-feature evacuation systems: an agent-based exploratory simulation study

Analysis of emergent patterns in crossing flows of pedestrians reveals an invariant of `stripe' formation in human data

Egress from a Hospital Ward During Fire Emergency

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About