A Review of Benign Hepatic Tumors and Their Imaging Characteristics

Patacsil, Stephen J; Noor, Muhammad; Leyva, Alexander

doi:10.7759/cureus.6813

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Complications of hepatic adenoma include malignant transformation in about 4% of cases and hemorrhagic rupture in up to 20%-30% of cases (Szor et al, 2013). Hepatic adenomas are associated with exposure to exogenous estrogen (Patacsil et al, 2020;Rodrigues et al, 2020), and women with F I G U R E 2 CT scan demonstrating a hepatic adenoma measuring 54.6 mm Â 95.3 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turner syndrome may be associated with hepatic adenoma

Ching,

Zhang,

Furuya

et al. 2023

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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Turner syndrome, caused by complete or partial loss of an X chromosome, is marked by a range of clinical manifestations including short stature, cardiovascular and renal disease. Hepatic involvement is an increasingly recognized concern. Steatosis and elevated transaminases are commonly observed in this population, but case reports have also described hepatic adenoma. Hepatic adenomas are rare, occurring in one per million people in the general population. They are typically benign but malignant transformation or rupture can occur. We sought to investigate whether Turner syndrome is associated with hepatic adenoma. Patients with Turner syndrome encountered at a single, academic institution between 2006 and 2020 were identified using ICD‐10 codes and demographic, medication, laboratory, and imaging data were analyzed. Of the 228 patients identified, 46.9% had liver function testing, which were abnormal in 48.6%. Five of 77 patients with hepatic imaging had abnormalities. Three patients (1.3%) had hepatic adenoma, one after presenting in hemorrhagic shock due to rupture. These findings suggest that patients with Turner syndrome may have an increased risk for developing hepatic adenoma. Annual monitoring of liver function tests is already recommended in Turner syndrome. The addition of periodic hepatic imaging may also be beneficial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turner syndrome may be associated with hepatic adenoma

Ching,

Zhang,

Furuya

et al. 2023

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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“…The characteristical findings of CT in hepatic hemangioma are peripheral nodular enhancement in the arterial phase, followed by partial or complete centripetal fill-in in the portal phase [5,6] (Figure 3) and in contrast to hepatocarcinoma which is hypodense in the simple phase, hypo or hypervascular with intense enhancement in the arterial phase and with a rapid washout in the portal venous phase [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Outcome and Follow Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All symptomatic hepatic hemangiomas should receive treatment. There are several treatment options, such as embolization, enucleation, and surgical resection or combination of both, [11,12] as described in Table 3.…”

Section: Outcome and Follow Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right Hepatectomy for Giant Liver Hemangioma Guided with Intraoperative Ultrasound and Indocyanine Green

Monroy¹,

Sosa²,

Lavariega³

et al. 2022

IJCICR

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Background: Hepatic hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors of the liver, most of them asymptomatic. Surgical management includes enucleation, embolization, and liver resection. We present a case with symptomatic hepatic hemangioma susceptible to surgical treatment. Case Presentation: A 73-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a history of two small hemangiomas started with pain in the right upper quadrant. Computerized tomography showed multiple hypodense lesions highly suggestive of hepatic hemangioma. Tumor markers were found at normal levels. A right hepatectomy guided with indocyanine green and intraoperative ultrasound was performed minimal bleeding and pulmonary complications. Conclusion: Hepatectomy for giant hemangiomas combined with ultrasound and indocyanine green is a feasible option in patients with comorbidities, decreasing bleeding risk, and allowing complete and surgical resection.

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“…Benign hepatic nodules are seen in 20-30%, mainly FNH-like lesions hypothesised to result from arterialisation secondary to reduced portal blood flow from central venous hypertension. 3 HA are benign tumours, rarely associated with cardiac hepatopathy 4 or malignant transformation, but at risk of haemorrhage particularly with concomitant anticoagulation. OCP use conveys a 30-fold-risk of developing HA and additionally associates with larger tumour size and greater bleeding risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HA are typically well circumscribed isointense lesions with early arterial enhancement and delayed-phase isodensity. 4 HCC are mosaic with arterial hyperenhancement and delayed-phase washout. Confident diagnosis is usually made without histology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%