A review of biogas production from palm oil mill effluents using different configurations of bioreactors

Ohimain, Elijah I.; Izah, Sylvester Chibueze

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.221

Cited by 155 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Palm oil mill effluent (POME) can be degraded in an anaerobic digester to produce biogas. A 30 t fresh fruit bunch per hour produces POME which can generate methane with a yearly burning rate of 12.0 million liters of fuel oil [1,2]. The POME biogas upgrading process is expensive and contains impurities, and the captured biogas is usually flared in palm oil mills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochars as Potential Adsorbers of CH4, CO2 and H2S

et al. 2017

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Methane gas, as one of the major biogases, is a potential source of renewable energy for power production. Biochar can be readily used to purify biogas contaminants such as H 2 S and CO 2 . This study assessed the adsorption of CH 4 , H 2 S, and CO 2 onto four different types of biochars. The adsorption dynamics of biochars were investigated in a fixed-bed column, by determining the breakthrough curves and adsorption capacities of biochars. The physicochemical properties of biochars were considered to justify the adsorption performance. The results showed that CH 4 was not adsorbed well by the subjected biochars whereas CO 2 and H 2 S were successfully captured. The H 2 S and CO 2 breakthrough capacity were related to both the surface adsorption and chemical reaction. The adsorption capacity was in the following order: perilla > soybean stover > Korean oak > Japanese oak biochars. The simultaneous adsorption also leads to a competition of sorption sites. Biochars are a promising material for the biogas purification industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochars as Potential Adsorbers of CH4, CO2 and H2S

et al. 2017

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“…At pH 7 conditions the highest concentration of bioethanol production in the reactor was 88,85 mg/L with a bioethanol production rate of 0,17 mg/L/hour. Environmental factors provide a fluctuating influence on bioethanol formation such as the presence of enzyme modulator, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen [22], nitrogen flushing can shift metabolism pathway to be acetyl CoA production then it will be oxidized to be bioethanol by alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme [23]. The pH 5 condition has been previously studied [24] bioethanol production 237,13 ± 25,86 mg / L, achieved at an HRT of 9 h using mixed culture bacteria harvested from a waste treatment plant located in Al-Agamy, Alexandria, Egypt.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential bio-conversion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as Bioethanol by steady-state anaerobic processes

et al. 2020

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Biomass is a central issue as new material that can be used as a substrate to produce biofuels, it has become global research to replace liquid fossil fuels with alternative renewable and sustainable fossils. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the potential of Agri-industrial waste to be used as alternative energy with anaerobic digestion of high concentration organic wastewater can be used for bioethanol production to replace food as raw material. Bioethanol can be produced in acidogenic steps in the organic degradation process. In this research, bacterial mixed cultures sourced from bovine rumen as biomass and the substrate used was palm oil mill effluent (POME) with a characteristic COD concentration of 25,600 mg/L, The operation of the reactor is set at pH 5; 6; 7 for 72 hours with the type of anaerobic circulating batch reactor (CBR), measurement of bioethanol products and acidogenesis of samples is carried out every 6 hours. The results showed that the reactor with variations in pH conditions 5 gave the highest efficiency of bioethanol formation in the 12 hour running process, result is 102,94 mg/L with a maximum formation rate of 9,98 mg/L/hour.

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“…Various other hybrid reactor systems have been proposed to enhance suspended solids removal such as up-flow anaerobic sludge bed fixed film (UASFF), hybrid anaerobic solid-liquid-UASB (HASL-UASB), and anaerobic filter-UASB [100], finding that such reactors are capable of treating substrates with a significant content of particulates and achieve high suspended solids removal. For example, Ahmad et al [101] and Ohimain and Izah [102] show that UASB-type reactors could treat palm oil mill effluent with 50-60 g/L suspended solids content. Design features, such as reactors with recirculation that promote longer particle retention time, better contact, and solids removal should be considered when particle-rich substrates are used.…”

Section: Treatment Strategies For Particle-rich Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granular Sludge Bed Processes in Anaerobic Digestion of Particle-Rich Substrates

et al. 2019

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Granular sludge bed (GSB) anaerobic digestion (AD) is a well-established method for efficient wastewater treatment, limited, however, by the wastewater particle content. This review is carried out to investigate how and to what extent feed particles influence GSB to evaluate the applicability of GSB to various types of slurries that are abundantly available. Sludge bed microorganisms evidently have mechanisms to retain feed particles for digestion. Disintegration and hydrolysis of such particulates are often the rate-limiting steps in AD. GSB running on particle-rich substrates and factors that affect these processes are stdied especially. Disintegration and hydrolysis models are therefore reviewed. How particles may influence other key processes within GSB is also discussed. Based on this, limitations and strategies for effective digestion of particle-rich substrates in high-rate AD reactors are evaluated. some of the main challenges associated with high-rate anaerobic digestion of particle-rich substrates with special emphasis on manure as a substrate, due to its abundance. Most high-rate AD processes in operation depend on granular sludge to retain sufficient active biomass. Granules are formed by the aggregation of microorganisms that develop into dense masses with sedimentation velocity high enough to avoid washout even under high hydraulic load [7]. It is observed that UASB reactors treating particle-rich manure slurries also accumulates suspended solids from the feed, forming an additional suspended fraction together with the granules [8,9]. The influence of such solids on AD is not understood well, leading some experts to claim that granular sludge bed (GSB) processes may not be appropriate for particle-rich substrates. [10]. It appears, however, that a significant fraction of feed particles can be digested and enhance methane production [11]. This review was undertaken to investigate to what extent and how sludge bed high-rate AD can be used to treat particle-rich substrates. We aim to find more evidence for particle digestion in granular sludge beds, identify process limitations, and find appropriate kinetic models in order to establish design criteria for such processes. There is little directly relevant literature on the topic, limiting this review to mainly indirectly relevant literature. The review covers particle-rich substrates characteristics; particle disintegration and hydrolysis, including models for such; physical characteristics of granular sludge; sludge bed reactor designs and observations of particle effects.

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A review of biogas production from palm oil mill effluents using different configurations of bioreactors

Cited by 155 publications

References 62 publications

Biochars as Potential Adsorbers of CH4, CO2 and H2S

Biochars as Potential Adsorbers of CH4, CO2 and H2S

The potential bio-conversion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as Bioethanol by steady-state anaerobic processes

Granular Sludge Bed Processes in Anaerobic Digestion of Particle-Rich Substrates

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