A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

Abstract

Various types of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for nitric oxide (NO) removal through selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with ammonia are examined in this review. A number of carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), activated carbon (AC), and graphene (GR) and non-carbon-based materials, such as Zeolite Socony Mobil–5 (ZSM-5), TiO2, and Al2O3 supported materials, were identified as the most up-to-date and recently used catalysts for the removal of NO gas. The main focus of this review is the study of catalyst preparation methods, as this is highly correlated to the behaviour of NO removal. The general mechanisms involved in the system, the Langmuir–Hinshelwood or Eley–Riedeal mechanism, are also discussed. Characterisation analysis affecting the surface and chemical structure of the catalyst is also detailed in this work. Finally, a few major conclusions are drawn and future directions for work on the advancement of the SCR-NH3 catalyst are suggested.

Performance of C2H4 Reductant in Activated-Carbon- Supported MnOx-based SCR Catalyst at Low Temperatures

“…However, few studies have examined AC-supported transition metal oxides during HC-SCR reactions [7]. Because MnOx has exhibited promising low-temperature HC-SCR reactivity and AC supports have excellent stability and low rates of ammonium salts accumulation [25,50,57,58], this study aimed to investigate the low-temperature catalytic performance of manganese/AC catalysts while using C 2 H 4 as a reductant. Besides the reaction testing, deactivation mechanisms were also examined using SEM/EDS, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope and selected area electron diffraction (TEM-SAED), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS).…”

Fabrication of Graphene Oxide Supported Acid–Base Bifunctional Metal–Organic Frameworks as Efficient Catalyst for Glucose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Conversion

“…Type of catalyst supports play important roles in both activity and mechanical strength of catalysts, since they influence not only the morphology and dispersion of catalyst particles but also the activity of catalysts. [44][45][46] Many studies of graphene oxide (GO) as catalyst support, which is prepared by chemical oxidation of natural graphite followed by exfoliation, seems to be more fascinating due to its abundant functional groups, including COOH and OH, as well as its unique 2D structure. [47][48][49] Zhang et al reported that GO can probably provide efficient nucleation sites and enhance the MOFs growth, while offered higher dispersive forces of MOFs.…”

Recent Progress in Carbon-Based Buffer Layers for Polymer Solar Cells

“…Recently, carbon materials such as graphene, graphene oxide, carbon quantum dots, graphene quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, and graphitic carbon nitride have emerged as a new class of materials for energy conversion and storage devices such as supercapacitors [27,28], batteries [29,30], catalysts [31,32], and photovoltaic devices [33,34]. Because of their tunable optical and electrical properties, carbon materials have been thoroughly investigated as either hole transport layers or electron transport layers in solar cells [35].…”