A review of chromatographic methods for the assessment of phospholipids in biological samples

Peterson, Brianna L.; Cummings, Brian S.

doi:10.1002/bmc.563

Cited by 236 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Some of these aspects have been recently reviewed. 5 However, because of the complexity of lipids and the fact that many biologically active lipid species are present in very small amounts, conventional techniques of lipid analysis are often limited by lack of sensitivity and insuffi cient resolution. These methods are also laborintensive, often requiring sample purifi cation and/or derivatization prior to analysis, thus limiting sample throughput.…”

Section: Conventional Lipid Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids and lipidomics in brain injury and diseases

Adibhatla

Hatcher

Dempsey

2006

AAPS J

147

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Lipidomics is systems-level analysis and characterization of lipids and their interacting moieties. The amount of information in the genomic and proteomic fi elds is greater than that in the lipidomics fi eld, because of the complex nature of lipids and the limitations of tools for analysis. The main innovation during recent years that has spurred advances in lipid analysis has been the development of new mass spectroscopic techniques, particularly the " soft ionization " techniques electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. Lipid metabolism may be of particular importance for the central nervous system, as it has a high concentration of lipids. The crucial role of lipids in cell signaling and tissue physiology is demonstrated by the many neurological disorders, including bipolar disorders and schizophrenia, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer ' s, Parkinson ' s, and Niemann-Pick diseases, that involve deregulated lipid metabolism. Altered lipid metabolism is also believed to contribute to cerebral ischemic (stroke) injury. Lipidomics will provide a molecular signature to a certain pathway or a disease condition. Lipidomic analyses (characterizing complex mixtures of lipids and identifying previously unknown changes in lipid metabolism) together with RNA silencing, using small interfering RNA (siRNA), may provide powerful tools to elucidate the specifi c roles of lipid intermediates in cell signaling and open new opportunities for drug development.K e yw o r ds: Acrolein , arachidonic acid , cerebral ischemia , cytidine-5 ′ -diphosphocholine , CDP-choline , citicoline , docosahexaenoic acid , 4-hydroxynonenal , lipidomics , lipid peroxidation , MALDI-TOF , ESI-MS-MS , neuroprotectin D1 , 10,17S-docosatriene , phospholipases , phospholipids , RNA silencing , small interfering RNA , siRNA , reactive oxygen species , stroke INTRODUCTIONPhospholipids are important components of all mammalian cells and have a variety of biological functions: (1) they form lipid bilayers that provide structural integrity necessary for protein function, (2) they function as an energy reservoir (eg, triglycerides), and (3) they serve as precursors for various second messengers such as arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, ceramide, 1,2-diacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, and lyso-phosphatidic acid. A deeper knowledge of the complexity of phospholipid metabolism will elevate our understanding of the role of lipids in maintaining normal cell physiology and how alterations in lipid metabolism contribute to various disease states. DEFINING A LIPIDLipids comprise an enormous number of chemically distinct molecules arising from combinations of fatty acids with various backbone structures. Indeed, it is diffi cult to defi ne what lipids are. Defi ning lipids as a class of biological molecules that share a high degree of solubility in organic solvents is considered at once too broad and too narrow, encompassing structurally and functionally unrelated molecules and excluding lipids, such as ganglioside...

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Section: Conventional Lipid Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids and lipidomics in brain injury and diseases

Adibhatla

Hatcher

Dempsey

2006

AAPS J

147

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“…RP-HPLC systems are used for PL separation as well (Nakanishi et al 2010;Ogiso et al 2008;Lin et al 2004). The separation is based on the lipophilicity of the combined chain length and number of double bonds present in the fatty acid side chains (Peterson et al, 2006). An advantage of RP chromatography is the high resolving power.…”

Section: Hplc Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decade, the mass spectrometric detection has become the most popular method of PL molecular species analysis because it can overcome many of the problems reported above and it has strong identification ability, high sensitivity and specificity. The several types of spectrometers and their ionisation sources available for PL analysis were recently overviewed elsewhere (Peterson & Cummings, 2006). Xia & Jemal (2009) evaluated optimal mass spectrometric techniques to monitor the fate of PL during development of bionalytical LC MS/MS method since plasma PL may cause matrix effects.…”

Section: Detection and Quantitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Phospholipid Molecular Species by Means of HPLC-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Frega¹,

Pacetti²,

Boselli³

2012

Tandem Mass Spectrometry - Applications and Principles

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“…gas chromatography, LC, LCMS, etc). The main drawback associated with this procedure is that phospholipids may oxidize and hydrolyze during the exposure to the atmosphere (Peterson and Cummings, 2006). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been used intensively for the separation of phospholipids (Arduini et al, 1996;Cantafora et al, 1990;Cantafora and Masella, 1992;Abidi and Mounts, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plackett-Burman Design and Fragmentation Studies to Assist the Comparison of Techniques used to Extract Phospholipids Prior to Regiospecific Characterization by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Araujo¹,

Zhu²,

Breivik³

et al. 2016

AJMC

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A Plackett-Burman design was used for screening 12 variables that could affect the mass spectrometry signals of phosphatidylcholines (PtdCho) and proposing optimal fragmentation conditions to study the fragmentation mechanisms of PtdCho standards. Under optimal conditions, three well-established methods for extracting phospholipids from biological samples, specifically liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), normal phase liquid chromatography (NPLC) and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), were compared in terms of the number of regiospecifically characterized PtdCho by means of liquid chromatography three-stage mass spectrometry (LCMS 3 ). The same number of PtdCho species (35) were characterized by LCMS 3 in the LLE and NPLC fractions, whereas only 15 in the HPTLC fraction.

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A review of chromatographic methods for the assessment of phospholipids in biological samples

Cited by 236 publications

References 111 publications

Lipids and lipidomics in brain injury and diseases

Lipids and lipidomics in brain injury and diseases

Characterization of Phospholipid Molecular Species by Means of HPLC-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Plackett-Burman Design and Fragmentation Studies to Assist the Comparison of Techniques used to Extract Phospholipids Prior to Regiospecific Characterization by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

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