A review of cleaner production methods for the manufacture of methanol

Riaz, Amjad; Zahedi, Gholamreza; Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.06.017

Cited by 170 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…centrifuge, filtering and heating), the energy consumption can be reduced by 16-20% by adopting best available technologies (BAT). 39,66 Because methanol is a key intermediary product and is vital for the production of many globally-used commodities (e.g. 64,65 Methanol is produced from natural gas, through synthesis gas, which is then converted to methanol using metal oxide catalysts.…”

Section: Assumedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power generation from chemically cleaned coals: do environmental benefits of firing cleaner coal outweigh environmental burden of cleaning?

Ryberg

Owsianiak

Laurent

2015

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Power generation from high-ash coals is a niche technology for power generation, but coal cleaning is deemed necessary to avoid problems associated with low combustion efficiencies and to minimize environmental burdens associated with emissions of pollutants originating from ash. Here, chemical beneficiation of coals using acid and alkali-acid leaching procedures is evaluated as a potential coal cleaning technology employing life cycle assessment (LCA). Taking into account the environmental benefits from firing cleaner coal in pulverized coal power plants and the environmental burden of the cleaning itself, it is demonstrated that for a wide range of cleaning procedures and types of coal, chemical cleaning generally performs worse than combustion of the raw coals and physical cleaning using dense medium separation. These findings apply for many relevant impact categories, including climate change. Chemical cleaning can be optimized with regard to electricity, heat and methanol use for the hydrothermal washing step, and could have environmental impact comparable to that of physical cleaning if the overall resource intensiveness of chemical cleaning is reduced by a factor 5 to 10, depending on the impact category. The largest potential of the technology is observed for high-ash lignites, with initial ash content above 30%, for which the environmental benefits from firing cleaner coal can outweigh the environmental burden of cleaning for some impact categories. Overall, we recommend to policy makers that coal cleaning using acid or alkali-acid leaching procedures should not be considered for direct implementation as a coal beneficiation technology. We encourage further research on chemical cleaning and its optimization, however, as chemical cleaning has advantages that might make it attractive for cleaning of difficult to treat coals when compared to the less efficient option of physical cleaning. Broader contextThe use of fossil coal for generation of electricity is a major cause of many environmental problems globally. Pulverized coal-fired power plants currently account for 97% of total coal-based electricity generation globally, and are expected to constitute a significant proportion of the environmental burden attributable to power generation also in the future. Chemical cleaning of high-ash coals can potentially mitigate some environmental impacts from firing coal in pulverized power plants, as it allows reaching higher ash removal efficiencies as compared to physical cleaning, but virtually nothing is known about whether environmental benefits from firing cleaner coal outweigh environmental burdens of cleaning. Here, life cycle assessment (LCA) is employed to evaluate chemical beneficiation of coals using acid and alkali-acid leaching procedures. The results showed that demineralization is generally not a feasible option for mitigating environmental impacts, including impacts from climate change, except in few cases where regional and local impacts were improved for high-ash coal systems. This work highlights...

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Section: Assumedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power generation from chemically cleaned coals: do environmental benefits of firing cleaner coal outweigh environmental burden of cleaning?

Ryberg

Owsianiak

Laurent

2015

Energy Environ. Sci.

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“…A P+L objetiva principalmente a prevenção à poluição, distinguindo assim de outros programas, sistemas e ferramentas ambientais focados em medidas de fimde-tubo, utilizados antes da sua criação (UNEP, 2002;BASS, 2007;RIAZ;ZAHEDI;KLEMĚS, 2013;VAN HOOF;LYON, 2013). Para isso, a P+L atua especialmente em duas macro categorias:…”

Section: Referencial Teóricounclassified

Identificação dos benefícios e dificuldades da produção mais limpa em empresas industriais do estado de São Paulo

Oliveira

Guardia

Queiroz

et al. 2015

Revista PO: R. Eletr. de Eng. de Produção e Correlatas

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Resumo: A Produção mais Limpa está conquistando crescente aceitação pelas empresas devido ao potencial que esta estratégia apresenta para minimização proativa de impactos ambientais para a racionalização na utilização de insumos e diminuir a geração de resíduos e emissões. Esta prática gera benefícios ambientais e econômicos para as empresas. Desta forma, a mensuração dos benefícios auferidos pela Produção mais Limpa em empresas que adotam esta estratégia ambiental é de suma importância para a sua promoção no meio empresarial e também para a sociedade em geral. Somado a estas informações, nota-se a necessidade de maior valorização dos benefícios ambientais face aos econômicos. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar os benefícios gerados e as dificuldades enfrentadas para a Produção mais Limpa em quatro empresas industriais situadas no estado de São Paulo por meio de estudos de caso. Foi possível identificar significativos benefícios ambientais, principalmente no aspecto de redução da utilização de insumos de produção, ou seja, extração de recursos naturais e na deposição dos resíduos da produção. Além disso, a estratégia preventiva da Produção mais Limpa possibilitou ganhos econômicos às organizações, sustentados pelo gerenciamento racional de seus processos produtivos. Como principal dificuldade destaca-se o aspecto econômico para a implantação de projetos de Produção mais Limpa.Palavras-chave: Produção mais Limpa. Benefícios. Dificuldades. Empresas Industriais. Estado de São Paulo. Abstract:The Cleaner Production is gaining increasing acceptance by companies due the capacity that this strategy presents to proactive minimization of environmental impacts and to the rational use of inputs and reduce the generation of waste and emissions.

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“…This type of catalysts is used in lowtemperature processes of carbon monoxide conversion with steam and to obtain hydrogen as well as to obtain a synthesis gas to produce ammonia or methanol [2][3][4][5]. Manufacturers of catalysts define the content of the basic components in new products as follows: CuO-min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Waste Recycling of CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 Spent Catalysts

Małecki¹,

Gargul²

2018

Preprint

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CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 catalysts are designed for the low-temperature shift conversion in the process of hydrogen and ammonia synthesis gas production. The paper presents the results of research on recovery of copper and zinc from spent catalysts using pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods. Under reducing conditions, at high temperature, having appropriately selected the composition of the slag, more than 66% of copper in metallic form and about 70% of zinc in the form of ZnO can be extracted from this material. Hydrometallurgical processing of the catalysts was carried out using two leaching solutions: alkaline and acidic. Almost 62% of the zinc contained in the catalysts has been leached to the alkaline solution and about 98% of copper has been leached to the acidic solution. After the hydrometallurgical treatment of the catalysts, insoluble residue was also obtained in the form of pure ZnAl2O4. This compound can be reused to produce catalysts, or it can be processed under reducing conditions at high temperature to recover zinc. The recovery of zinc and copper from such a material is consistent with the policy of sustainable development and helps to reduce the environmental load of stored wastes.

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A review of cleaner production methods for the manufacture of methanol

Cited by 170 publications

References 140 publications

Power generation from chemically cleaned coals: do environmental benefits of firing cleaner coal outweigh environmental burden of cleaning?

Power generation from chemically cleaned coals: do environmental benefits of firing cleaner coal outweigh environmental burden of cleaning?

Identificação dos benefícios e dificuldades da produção mais limpa em empresas industriais do estado de São Paulo

Low-Waste Recycling of CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 Spent Catalysts

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