A review of cosmetic skin delivery

Abstract

According to Regulation 1223/2009 on cosmetic products in EU, the term cosmetic refers to any substance or mixture intended to be placed in contact with the external parts of the human body (epidermis, hair system, nails, lips, and external genital organs) or with the teeth and the mucous membranes of the oral cavity with a view exclusively or mainly to cleaning them, perfuming them, changing their appearance, protecting them, keeping them in good condition or correcting body odors. The skin delivery system is used to carry active ingredients and promote the controlled and targeted delivery of active ingredients. The active components are effectively fed into the active site by the percutaneous permeation system to enhance the efficacy of the active components, for example, vitamin A alcohol, vitamin C, niacinamide, salicylic acid, thereby achieving the effects of whitening, antioxidation, and so on. For the purpose of cosmetology, the main problem of absorption of cosmetics is to allow the active ingredients to act on the surface of the skin and to avoid absorption into the bloodstream and the whole body.Only with a thorough understanding of the skin can we develop safer, more stable techniques to promote penetration. The legal and regulatory issues that come along with the rise of various penetration promotion technologies also require the efforts

Aluminium in cosmetics and personal care products

“…With a total area of 1.5 m 2 , the skin is the largest organ in the human body. It has a complex structure with diverse functions (Hu & He, 2021). The skin has three layers: The first outermost layer, the epidermis, provides a waterproof barrier.…”

Cyclodipeptides: From Their Green Synthesis to Anti-Age Activity

“…Finally, the hypodermis is composed mainly of subcutaneous fat with blood and lymphatic vessels [ 45 ]. Ideally, cosmetics should surpass the barrier composed of the SC, and reach the dermis for maximal efficacy, without passing over and potentially leading to systemic effects [ 46 ].…”

Sensitive ex vivo human skin transdermal assay testing method with mass spectrometric analysis for cosmetics application

“…not fully simulate the in vitro immune system, 3,4 which includes artificial skin models. Artificial skin models provide a convenient way to test drugs or cosmetic by attempting to create a lipid-based permeable membrane on polymer materials.…”

“…The gold standard among them is the Franz diffusion method, which works on the basis of material diffusion. 4 Franz diffusion is often used to apply cosmetics to the entire skin, while the extracts collected from the receiving pool under the skin membrane are analyzed by scintillation counting or liquid/gas chromatography to determine the permeability of the ingredients. Franz diffusion method can be used on both real and artificial skin models, but whole skin material must be used in the setup.…”

“…These methods use material diffusion, simulated mathematical models, reconstructed skin models, or analytical instruments to evaluate the diffusion of analytes through whole skin. 4 Tape stripping of the outmost layers of the skin is another commonly used method in vivo experiments that is minimally invasive and collects information by analysis of the tape strips. 21 In all these methods, the diffusion is also measured through whole or surface of the skin, so information relating to depth of diffusion in the skin is limited.…”