A review of Cu-dominant mineral systems in the Kalatag district, East Tianshan, China

Deng, Xiao‐Hua; Wang, Jing Bin; Pirajno, Franco; Mao, Qi Gui; Long, Ling Li

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.103284

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The Paleo-Asian ocean subducted southward until later Carboniferous (310 Ma) [74][75][76], which predates the early Permian mafic-ultramafic complexes (275-285 Ma) in the Northern Tianshan. The arc-related deposits in this area, such as porphyry-type and VMS deposits in this area, mainly formed from Silurian to Carboniferous rather than in Permian [37,39]. Our mineralogical studies in the Baixintan intrusions also give new constraints on the origin and support the postorogenic extensional setting.…”

Section: Tectonic Settingsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…The Northern Tianshan and Beishan orogens are situated northeast to the Tarim craton and represent the southernmost segments of the CAOB in eastern Xinjiang, NW China (Figure 1b). The Northern Tianshan is separated from Tuha Basin to the north and the Middle Tianshan by the Aqikkuduk fault to the south and comprises the Dananhu-Harlike island arc, the Kangguer intra-arc basin, and the Yamansu arc [29,[37][38][39]. [34]); (b) schematic division of massifs and the location of the Northern Tianshan, NW China (modified after Ruan et al [36]); and (c) a regional geological map showing the distribution of early Permian mafic-ultramafic complexes in Northern Tianshan (modified after Deng et al [29]).…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Dananhu-Harlike arc is composed of Ordovician-Carboniferous arc volcanic rocks, siliceous slate, and limestone [29]. Precambrian inherited zircons have been found in volcanic rocks from the Kalatage area [37,39]. The Late Carboniferous pillow basaltic rocks may form in a back-arc tectonic setting [40,41], whereas the Permian bimodal volcanism in the Bogda zone is considered to have formed in a post-collisional extensional environment caused by slab break-off [42,43].…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Late Carboniferous pillow basaltic rocks may form in a back-arc tectonic setting [40,41], whereas the Permian bimodal volcanism in the Bogda zone is considered to have formed in a post-collisional extensional environment caused by slab break-off [42,43]. Various types of arc-related ore deposits occur in this area, including the Silurian Huangtan volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) Cu-Au deposit, the Silurian Hongshan epithermal deposit, the Middle Devonian Xierqu skarn Fe deposit, the Middle Devonian Yudai porphyry Cu deposit, and the Early Carboniferous Tuwu porphyry Cu deposit [39].…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assimilation had been indicated by trace elements and Hf-O-Sr-Nd isotopic compositions [26,29,30,33]. In addition, the lower Ordovician volcanics are potential source of external S since a series of Cu-polymetallic deposits developed in volcanics, such as the Huangtupo and Huangtan VMS deposits, the Hongshan epithermal deposit, and the Heicaotan volcanic hydrothermal deposit [39]. Though the sulfide in the Baixintan deposit is near zero (δ 34 S = −0.7 to + 1.1) [22], the sulfide in volcanic strata also displayed a mantle signature and the possibility of incorporation of external S could not be excluded.…”

Section: Later Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin and Nature of Parental Magma and Sulfide Segregation of the Baixintan Magmatic Ni–Cu Sulfide Deposit, Southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), NW China: Insights from Mineral Chemistry of Chromite and Silicate Minerals

et al. 2020

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The mineral chemistry of chromite and silicate minerals in the Baixintan magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposit in the Northern Tianshan, southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) are reported here. Two types of chromite were identified in mafic-ultramafic rocks. Type I chromite occurs as inclusions encased in olivine and has a primary and magmatic origin and homogeneous composition with Cr# values (49–66). It is characterized by high Ti contents (0.33–1.52 wt%) and small quantities of ZnO (0–0.21 wt%), MnO (0.28–0.45 wt%), and NiO (0.06–0.24 wt%) contents. In contrast, type II chromite with interstitial phase and larger compositional variations has significantly higher TiO2 (up to 6.2 wt%) and FeOt contents (up to 69.3 wt%) and slightly lower Al2O3 (minimum 3.0 wt%) and MgO contents (minimum 0.53 wt%). It is considered to crystallize from a more evolved and fractionated melt and suffers from post-magmatic alteration, such as serpentinization and chloritization. The olivine has forsterite values (Fo) varying from 76.8 to 85.6. The parental magma is characterized by high temperature (1389 °C), high pressure (3.8 Gpa), and high Mg content (11.4 wt%) with oxidized (FMQ + 1.6) and hydrous nature based on compositions of primary chromite and olivine–chromite pairs. The intrusion originated from high-degree partial melting of depleted mantle that had been modified by crustal components and metasomatized by subduction fluid in a post-orogenic extensional setting. Two stages of sulfide segregation have been recognized. Early segregation led to the depletion of platinum group elements (PGE), and disseminated sulfide mineralization was the product of later segregation. The assimilation of crustal Si and S components played more important roles on sulfide segregation rather than fractional crystallization.

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Section: Tectonic Settingsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Later Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Origin and Nature of Parental Magma and Sulfide Segregation of the Baixintan Magmatic Ni–Cu Sulfide Deposit, Southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), NW China: Insights from Mineral Chemistry of Chromite and Silicate Minerals

et al. 2020

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Fluid evolution and metallogenesis of the Meiling Cu‐polymetallic deposit in the East Tianshan, NW China: Constraints from ore geology, fluid inclusions, stable isotope, and U–Pb geochronology

Cheng

Yang

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Geological Journal

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The Meiling Cu-polymetallic deposit is located in the Kalatag Cu metallogenic belt of the East Tianshan, Xinjiang, NW China. Multiple-stage hydrothermal activities have resulted in the silicification, chlorite alteration and sericite alteration in this deposit. At least three mineralization stages are recorded: (a) a phase comprising quartz-pyrite veining, (b) a quartz-chalcopyrite-pyrite-sphalerite phase and (c) a quartz-calcite phase, respectively. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded 302 ± 2.1 Ma for an orebearing quartz porphyry and 296 ± 3.2 Ma for a post-mineralization diorite porphyry dyke, respectively, indicating that the copper mineralization took place during the Late Carboniferous period (302-296 Ma). Fluid evolution during the three stages of mineralization was determined by a detailed fluid inclusion study: (a) Stage I fluids were trapped under two-phase conditions, as evidenced by the coexistence of vapour-rich (type II) inclusions (T h = 183-242 C, average salinity = 4.8 wt% NaCl equiv.), liquid-rich (type I) inclusions (T h = 171-259 C, average salinity = 5.3 wt% NaCl equiv.), and daughter-bearing (type III) inclusions (T h = 192-208 C, average salinity = 8.6 wt% NaCl equiv.). (b) Stage II fluid inclusions in quartz were also trapped under two-phase conditions (boiling), as identified by the coexistence of V-and Ltype fluid inclusions; L-type inclusions T h between 136 and 218 C (average = 189 C), with salinities of 2.2-7.6 wt% NaCl equiv. (average = 3.8 wt% NaCl equiv.). V-type inclusions homogenized temperatures between 153 and 226 C (average = 192 C), with salinities of 2.4-6.7 wt% NaCl equiv. (average = 3.5 wt% NaCl equiv.). (c) Stage III fluids are represented by inclusions in barren quartz-carbonate veinlets, characterized by homogenization temperatures ranging from 98 to 177 C (average = 135 C) and salinities between 0.5 and 3.2 wt% NaCl equiv. (average = 1.9 wt% NaCl equiv.). The initial hydrothermal fluids are characterized by low-intermediate temperature, low-salinity and near-neutral pH condition, belonging to a H 2 O-NaCl bearing hydrothermal system. The mineralization of the Meiling deposit occurred at a shallow

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U–Pb and Re–Os geochronology of the Yundukala Au–Cu–Co deposit in East Junggar, NW China: Constraints on the timing of mineralization and ore‐bearing rocks

et al. 2022

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East Junggar is an important part of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt and has developed a multi‐epoch and multi‐type metallogenic system. Yundukala is a recently discovered large intrusion‐related Au–Cu–Co deposit. The No. 1 main mineralization zone mainly occurs in the contact area between fine‐grained diorite and basalt. Massive and vein mineralization have developed there, but the ore‐bearing stratum, ore‐bearing intrusive rocks, and metallogenic ages are not clear. Zircon SHRIMP U–Pb dating of the porphyritic diorite and fine‐grained diorite yields ages of 416.1 ± 3.9 Ma and 411.1 ± 7.5 Ma, respectively. The dioritoid intruded into the ore‐bearing stratum, indicating that this formation is part of the Early Palaeozoic strata rather than the Middle Devonian Beishan Formation. The Re–Os isochron age of the chalcopyrite in the massive mineralization is 402.6 ± 5.2 Ma; thus, the massive mineralization is related to fine‐grained diorite and formed in the Early Devonian. Six sulphides and four sulphides from the vein mineralization yield Re–Os isochron ages of 352.8 ± 1.8 Ma and 354 ± 23 Ma, respectively, and the limited vein mineralization was formed during 353–354 Ma. The massive and vein mineralizations in the Yundukala deposit were formed in the Early Devonian and Early Carboniferous.

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A review of Cu-dominant mineral systems in the Kalatag district, East Tianshan, China

Cited by 29 publications

References 66 publications

Origin and Nature of Parental Magma and Sulfide Segregation of the Baixintan Magmatic Ni–Cu Sulfide Deposit, Southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), NW China: Insights from Mineral Chemistry of Chromite and Silicate Minerals

Origin and Nature of Parental Magma and Sulfide Segregation of the Baixintan Magmatic Ni–Cu Sulfide Deposit, Southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), NW China: Insights from Mineral Chemistry of Chromite and Silicate Minerals

Fluid evolution and metallogenesis of the Meiling Cu‐polymetallic deposit in the East Tianshan, NW China: Constraints from ore geology, fluid inclusions, stable isotope, and U–Pb geochronology

U–Pb and Re–Os geochronology of the Yundukala Au–Cu–Co deposit in East Junggar, NW China: Constraints on the timing of mineralization and ore‐bearing rocks

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